Explanation The  League of Nations  was the  first  worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world  peace . Founded:  10 January  1920 Founder:  Woodrow Wilson Headquarters:  Geneva , Switzerland Ceased operations:  April 20,  1946 Explanation The green revolution in Pakistan began in the 1960s, It was based on the introduction of the  US helping Pakistan with economic Aid for Pakistan Explanation جامے میں پھولا نہ سمانا کا مطلب ہے خوشی سے پھول جانا یا اتنا خوش ہونا کہ برداشت نہ ہو سکے۔ یہ محاورہ عموماً کسی کی خوشی یا فخر کو بیان کرنے کے لیے استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ Explanation The punishment of 80 lashes for alcohol consumption was standardized during the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab (R.A) (634–644 CE). This was based on his ijtihad (juridical reasoning) and consultation with companions , considering alcohol’s societal harm. Explanation Diarchy particularly  referred  to the system of  shared  rule in  British India   established  by the  Government of India Acts 1919  Dyarchy  means  the  double system  of  government  in which  two heads  are  responsible  for administration. Dyarchy was  introduced  as a  constitutional reform  by  Edwin Samuel Montagu  and  Lord Chelmsford  The  Government of India Act  of  1935  ended the system of  Diarchy  and  established  ' provincial autonomy '. ND17-1-2023 ۔ Explanation The Bogra Formula was a political compromise presented and proposed by Prime Minister Bogra on  7 October 1953 The Bogra Formula sought to permanently  abolish the Governor-General  and to be replaced with the elected figurehead  presidency. Mohammad Ali Bogra was the  2nd Bengali  to serve as Prime Minister of Pakistan. Sahibzada Mohammad Ali Bogra was the  3rd Prime Minister  of Pakistan  from 17 April 1953 till 12 August 1955. He was the  3rd & 7th Minister of  Foreign Affairs  from 13 June 1962 till 23 January 1963 Bogra was  Minister of Defence  from  17 April 1953 to 24 October 1954. ND5-07-2023 Explanation "My friend and benefactor has died." میرا دوست اور محسن فوت ہو گیا ہے۔ My friend and benefactor" is a singular subject , even though it refers to two roles that the person played. When referring to a single person , we use the singular verb " has ". Explanation The Blue Mosque , also known as the Mosque of Sultan Ahmed . It is one of the most famous landmarks in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in the early 17th century during the Ottoman Empire . It is known for its stunning blue tiles and six minarets. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Ahmed I. It took seven years to complete ( 1609-1616 ). Explanation The  Grand Jamia Mosque  in  Bahria Town ,  Karachi , was started in  2015 . Construction was completed in nearly 2022 . Famous Pakistani architect Nayyar Ali Dada designed the Grand Jamia Masjid Karachi. Grand Jamia Mosque, Karachi also known as Bahria Town Jamia Masjid Complex is a cultural complex under construction in Bahria Town Karachi, Pakistan . When completed, the complex will include Pakistan’s largest and world’s third largest mosque according to capacity. Explanation A standard 400-meter oval track usually has 8 lanes in most professional and Olympic-level competitions. Each lane is about 1.22 meters wide , ensuring fair distance for all runners.

Explanation The  League of Nations  was the  first  worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world  peace . Founded:  10 January  1920 Founder:  Woodrow Wilson Headquarters:  Geneva , Switzerland Ceased operations:  April 20,  1946

Explanation A fully functional legal system is based on : Criminal and Civil law : Governing relationships and remedies for wrongs. Common and Statutory law : Including judicial decisions and legislation.

Explanation Protection of human rights includes : Freedom from slavery and torture : Protection from forced labor and cruel treatment. Freedom of opinion and expression : Protection of speech, press, and access to information . Right to life and liberty : Protection from arbitrary detention and extrajudicial killings.

Explanation Remedies to Human Rights issues can be addressed through: Ensuring civilian control of military and security forces ( preventing human rights abuses by security forces ) Ensuring due process, fairness, and impartiality in legal proceedings ( protecting individuals' rights and preventing arbitrary detention and torture ) Strengthening judicial independence ( ensuring that the judiciary can hold perpetrators accountable and provide effective remedies to victims )

Explanation Abuses of Human Rights include: Discriminating at work based on traits like race, gender, and sexual orientation (violating the right to work and equal treatment) Failing to provide maternity leave (violating the protection of and assistance to the family) Not paying a sufficient minimum wage (violating rights at work and the right to a decent standard of living)

Explanation 'Head of District Police' means a " District Police Officer ." This officer is responsible for overseeing the police operations within a district.

Explanation A District Police Officer (DPO) is the head of police in a district. It is typically a senior police officer not below the rank of Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP). The DPO is responsible for maintaining law and order, controlling crime , and overseeing police operations within their respective district. Article 15 of the Police Order 2002 states that a DPO shall be a police officer not below the rank of SSP.

Explanation A fully functional legal system is based on : Criminal and Civil law : Governing relationships and remedies for wrongs. Common and Statutory law : Including judicial decisions and legislation. Explanation Protection of human rights includes : Freedom from slavery and torture : Protection from forced labor and cruel treatment. Freedom of opinion and expression : Protection of speech, press, and access to information . Right to life and liberty : Protection from arbitrary detention and extrajudicial killings. Explanation Remedies to Human Rights issues can be addressed through: Ensuring civilian control of military and security forces ( preventing human rights abuses by security forces ) Ensuring due process, fairness, and impartiality in legal proceedings ( protecting individuals' rights and preventing arbitrary detention and torture ) Strengthening judicial independence ( ensuring that the judiciary can hold perpetrators accountable and provide effective remedies to victims ) Explanation Abuses of Human Rights include: Discriminating at work based on traits like race, gender, and sexual orientation (violating the right to work and equal treatment) Failing to provide maternity leave (violating the protection of and assistance to the family) Not paying a sufficient minimum wage (violating rights at work and the right to a decent standard of living) Explanation 'Head of District Police' means a " District Police Officer ." This officer is responsible for overseeing the police operations within a district. Explanation A District Police Officer (DPO) is the head of police in a district. It is typically a senior police officer not below the rank of Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP). The DPO is responsible for maintaining law and order, controlling crime , and overseeing police operations within their respective district. Article 15 of the Police Order 2002 states that a DPO shall be a police officer not below the rank of SSP. Explanation Federal Law Enforcement Agencies in Pakistan include : Pakistan Motorway and Highway Police : Highway patrolling and motorway security. Anti-Narcotics Force : Combating drug trafficking and narcotics control. Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) : Investigating federal crimes like terrorism, cybercrime, and human trafficking. Islamabad Police : Maintaining law and order in Islamabad. Explanation 'District' refers to " A defined area as in a Local Government Law ." It is an administrative division used for local governance and administrative purposes. Explanation Cyber crime in Pakistan is dealt with by the FIA (Federal Investigation Agency) . The FIA's Cyber Crime Wing is responsible for investigating and prosecuting cyber-related offenses. Explanation The Official Secrets Act applies to: Persons in service of Government ( including military personnel, civil servants, and other government employees ) All citizens of Pakistan ( regardless of their location or status )

Explanation A fully functional legal system is based on : Criminal and Civil law : Governing relationships and remedies for wrongs. Common and Statutory law : Including judicial decisions and legislation. Explanation Protection of human rights includes : Freedom from slavery and torture : Protection from forced labor and cruel treatment. Freedom of opinion and expression : Protection of speech, press, and access to information . Right to life and liberty : Protection from arbitrary detention and extrajudicial killings. Explanation Remedies to Human Rights issues can be addressed through: Ensuring civilian control of military and security forces ( preventing human rights abuses by security forces ) Ensuring due process, fairness, and impartiality in legal proceedings ( protecting individuals' rights and preventing arbitrary detention and torture ) Strengthening judicial independence ( ensuring that the judiciary can hold perpetrators accountable and provide effective remedies to victims ) Explanation Abuses of Human Rights include: Discriminating at work based on traits like race, gender, and sexual orientation (violating the right to work and equal treatment) Failing to provide maternity leave (violating the protection of and assistance to the family) Not paying a sufficient minimum wage (violating rights at work and the right to a decent standard of living) Explanation 'Head of District Police' means a " District Police Officer ." This officer is responsible for overseeing the police operations within a district. Explanation A District Police Officer (DPO) is the head of police in a district. It is typically a senior police officer not below the rank of Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP). The DPO is responsible for maintaining law and order, controlling crime , and overseeing police operations within their respective district. Article 15 of the Police Order 2002 states that a DPO shall be a police officer not below the rank of SSP. Explanation Federal Law Enforcement Agencies in Pakistan include : Pakistan Motorway and Highway Police : Highway patrolling and motorway security. Anti-Narcotics Force : Combating drug trafficking and narcotics control. Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) : Investigating federal crimes like terrorism, cybercrime, and human trafficking. Islamabad Police : Maintaining law and order in Islamabad. Explanation 'District' refers to " A defined area as in a Local Government Law ." It is an administrative division used for local governance and administrative purposes. Explanation Cyber crime in Pakistan is dealt with by the FIA (Federal Investigation Agency) . The FIA's Cyber Crime Wing is responsible for investigating and prosecuting cyber-related offenses. Explanation The Official Secrets Act applies to: Persons in service of Government ( including military personnel, civil servants, and other government employees ) All citizens of Pakistan ( regardless of their location or status )