Subject: General Science

Explanation
The Fahrenheit scale has 180 divisions between the freezing point (32°F) and the boiling point (212°F) of water. This means that each degree Fahrenheit represents a temperature change of 1/180 of the range between the freezing and boiling points of water.

Explanation
In the Fahrenheit scale : The freezing point of water is 32°F The boiling point of water is 212°F

Explanation
There are three main scales used to measure temperature: Celsius scale : Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C . Fahrenheit scale : Water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F . Kelvin scale : Absolute zero (the theoretical minimum temperature) is 0K , and water freezes at 273.15K and boils at 373.15K .

Explanation
A thermometer is typically made up of a glass tube filled with Mercury (Hg), a silvery-white liquid metal. The Mercury expands or contracts in response to changes in temperature , allowing us to measure the temperature.

Explanation
As temperature increases , the heat energy of a substance also increases. This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance , and as temperature increases, the particles gain kinetic energy and therefore heat energy.

Explanation
James Prescott Joule established that the various forms of energy, mechanical, electrical and heat, are basically the same and can be changed from one form into another. He demonstrated that different forms of energy are interchangeable in his most famous experiment, published in 1845, using a paddle wheel to show that mechanical energy could be changed into thermal energy.

Explanation
Heat is measured in Joules (J), which is the unit of energy. Heat is a form of energy transferred from one body to another due to a temperature difference.

Explanation
The properties used to describe heat are: Hot (high temperature) Energy (thermal energy) Cold (low temperature)

Explanation
As a result of the flow of energy (heat) from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature: the warmer materials cool down and cooler materials warm up. This flow of energy is known as heat transfer. It occurs through conduction , convection, and radiation. As a result, the warmer materials lose energy and cool down, while the cooler materials gain energy and warm up.

Explanation
Heat is a form of energy that flows from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature. This flow of energy occurs through the transfer of kinetic energy from particles in motion.

Explanation
The Fahrenheit scale has 180 divisions between the freezing point (32°F) and the boiling point (212°F) of water. This means that each degree Fahrenheit represents a temperature change of 1/180 of the range between the freezing and boiling points of water.

Explanation
Solids like sand remain suspended in water because they are denser than water. But not dense enough to sink to the bottom immediately. This creates a heterogeneous mixture, where the sand particles remain suspended in the water.

Explanation
Solids like sawdust float on water because they are less dense than water. When sawdust is added to water, it forms a heterogeneous mixture. Where the sawdust particles remain separate from the water and float on the surface.

Explanation
Solids like salt (sodium chloride) dissolve in water to form a saltwater mixture or solution . When salt is added to water, the salt particles break apart and distribute evenly throughout the water, creating a homogeneous mixture.

Explanation
Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from one body to another due to a temperature difference. It is a type of kinetic energy that is transferred through the motion of particles.

Explanation
Temperature is the measurement of the hotness or coldness of an object or substance. It is a physical property that is usually measured in units of Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K).

Explanation
When you put sand, salt, and sawdust in a glass of water, the following things happen: Salt dissolves in water, meaning it breaks down into individual particles that are distributed evenly throughout the water. Sand sinks to the bottom of the glass, because it is denser than water and cannot float or dissolve in it. Sawdust floats on top of the water, because it is less dense than water and is able to remain suspended on the surface.

Explanation
The process of separating solute and solvent from a mixture is generally referred to as Filtration . Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid (solute) from a liquid (solvent) by passing the mixture through a filter.

Explanation
Filtration is the process of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter paper or a porous material. The solid particles are retained by the filter. While the liquid passes through, resulting in a clear separation of the two.

Explanation
Decantation is the process of carefully pouring a liquid from one container to another, leaving the solid particles that have settled at the bottom of the original container behind. This process is used to separate a liquid from a solid, without disturbing the solid.

Explanation
Water (H2O) is a compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It is a chemical combination of two different elements, which is the definition of a compound.

Explanation
Solids like sand remain suspended in water because they are denser than water. But not dense enough to sink to the bottom immediately. This creates a heterogeneous mixture, where the sand particles remain suspended in the water.

Explanation
Solids like sawdust float on water because they are less dense than water. When sawdust is added to water, it forms a heterogeneous mixture. Where the sawdust particles remain separate from the water and float on the surface.

Explanation
Solids like salt (sodium chloride) dissolve in water to form a saltwater mixture or solution . When salt is added to water, the salt particles break apart and distribute evenly throughout the water, creating a homogeneous mixture.

Explanation
Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from one body to another due to a temperature difference. It is a type of kinetic energy that is transferred through the motion of particles.

Explanation
Temperature is the measurement of the hotness or coldness of an object or substance. It is a physical property that is usually measured in units of Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K).

Explanation
When you put sand, salt, and sawdust in a glass of water, the following things happen: Salt dissolves in water, meaning it breaks down into individual particles that are distributed evenly throughout the water. Sand sinks to the bottom of the glass, because it is denser than water and cannot float or dissolve in it. Sawdust floats on top of the water, because it is less dense than water and is able to remain suspended on the surface.

Explanation
The process of separating solute and solvent from a mixture is generally referred to as Filtration . Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid (solute) from a liquid (solvent) by passing the mixture through a filter.