Subject: Pak Study

Explanation
Genghis Khan founded and led the Mongol Empire in the early 13th and 14th centuries. It  was the  l argest contiguous land empire in history. Founded:  1206 Date dissolved:  1368

Explanation
The Senate is the upper house of Pakistan’s Parliament . It ensures equal representation of all provinces and participates in law-making . Pakistan has  three  branches of government: The  Legislative Branch  makes the laws. The  Executive   Branch  carries out the laws. The  Judiciary   Branch  evaluates and interprets the laws. The  Legislative Branch , or  Parliament , has  two  houses: the  National Assembly and the Senate 1. National Assembly : It  makes laws  for the federation and keeps a check over the Executive.  2. The Senate  is the body that represents the provinces and promotes a feeling of equality, peace, and harmony.

Explanation
Urdu serves as a lingua franca , helping unite people across Pakistan's diverse regional languages . It was chosen to promote national unity. Urdu was declared Official Language of Pakistan under 251 article of the constitution 1973.

Explanation
The Khyber Pass connects Pakistan with Afghanistan and Central Asia . Historically used for trade and by invading armies , making it strategically vital. Important Passes of Pakistan 1. Khyber Pass  connects: Peshawar to  Kabul connects: Pakistan to  Afghanistan Height 1070 meters,  3510 feet   2. Bolan Pass  Connects: JCB and Sibi with  Quetta   Height: 1793 meters,  5884 feet   3. Lowari Pass  Connects: Chitral with  Dir   Height: 3118 meters,  10230 feet   4. Broghil Pass  Location: Pakistan &  Afghanistan border  Height: 3798 meters,  12460 feet  5. Malakand Pass  Connects: Dir with  Chitral   Height: 1362 meters,  4468 feet  6. Shandur pass Connects: Gupis/Gilgit with  Chitral   Height: 3700 meters,  12139 feet  7. Khanjerab Pass (topmost in Pakistan)  Other name: Friendship  Gate Connects: China with  Pakistan   Height: 4693 meters,  15397 feet  8. Dorah pass Connects: Badakhshan province of Afghanistan with  Chitral   Height: 4300 meters,  14108 feet  9. Babusar Pass  Connects: Mansehra/Abbottabad with  Gilgit 10. Kohat Pass Connects: Kohat with  Peshawar   11. Khojak Pass Connects: Qilla Abdullah with  Chaman 12. Tochi Pass Connects: Ghazni with  Bannu 13. Karakar Pass Connects: Mingora with  Buner

Explanation
Allama Iqbal envisioned a separate homeland for Muslims of the subcontinent. His poetry and philosophy deeply influenced the ideology behind Pakistan’s creation. Additional Information : Delivered the Allahabad Address (1930) proposing a separate Muslim state. Regarded as the " Spiritual Father of Pakistan ." His ideas laid the foundation for the Two-Nation Theory . National poet of Pakistan ; his birth ( Nov 9 ) is celebrated as Iqbal Day .

Explanation
The capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir is Muzaffarabad . It serves as the administrative and political center of the region. Muzaffarabad was founded by Sultan Muzaffar Khan Azad Jammu and Kashmir was established on October 24, 1947. The region covers an area of 13,297 km² (5,134 sq mi). It had a population of 4,045,366 as of 2017.

Explanation
Pakistan's  largest food   crop  is  wheat . As of  2018 , According to the  Ministry of Agriculture,   Pakistan's wheat  output reached  26.3 million tonnes. The most  important   crops  which together account for nearly  more than 75% o f the value of total crop output are: Wheat Sugarcane Cotton Rice

Explanation
Pakistan produces only about 20% of its total oil requirement. The remaining 80% is met through imports , making the country heavily dependent on foreign oil .

Explanation
In October 1999 , General Pervez Musharraf led a military coup to overthrow Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif . The military seized control of the government on October 12, 1999 . By October 14, 1999 , Musharraf was acting as the Chief Executive of Pakistan.

Explanation
Pakistan has two main plateaus: the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab and the Balochistan Plateau. Both are elevated landforms with distinct geographical and strategic importance.

Explanation
Pakistan produces only about 20% of its total oil requirement. The remaining 80% is met through imports , making the country heavily dependent on foreign oil .

Explanation
In October 1999 , General Pervez Musharraf led a military coup to overthrow Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif . The military seized control of the government on October 12, 1999 . By October 14, 1999 , Musharraf was acting as the Chief Executive of Pakistan.

Explanation
Genghis Khan founded and led the Mongol Empire in the early 13th and 14th centuries. It  was the  l argest contiguous land empire in history. Founded:  1206 Date dissolved:  1368

Explanation
The Senate is the upper house of Pakistan’s Parliament . It ensures equal representation of all provinces and participates in law-making . Pakistan has  three  branches of government: The  Legislative Branch  makes the laws. The  Executive   Branch  carries out the laws. The  Judiciary   Branch  evaluates and interprets the laws. The  Legislative Branch , or  Parliament , has  two  houses: the  National Assembly and the Senate 1. National Assembly : It  makes laws  for the federation and keeps a check over the Executive.  2. The Senate  is the body that represents the provinces and promotes a feeling of equality, peace, and harmony.

Explanation
Urdu serves as a lingua franca , helping unite people across Pakistan's diverse regional languages . It was chosen to promote national unity. Urdu was declared Official Language of Pakistan under 251 article of the constitution 1973.

Explanation
The Khyber Pass connects Pakistan with Afghanistan and Central Asia . Historically used for trade and by invading armies , making it strategically vital. Important Passes of Pakistan 1. Khyber Pass  connects: Peshawar to  Kabul connects: Pakistan to  Afghanistan Height 1070 meters,  3510 feet   2. Bolan Pass  Connects: JCB and Sibi with  Quetta   Height: 1793 meters,  5884 feet   3. Lowari Pass  Connects: Chitral with  Dir   Height: 3118 meters,  10230 feet   4. Broghil Pass  Location: Pakistan &  Afghanistan border  Height: 3798 meters,  12460 feet  5. Malakand Pass  Connects: Dir with  Chitral   Height: 1362 meters,  4468 feet  6. Shandur pass Connects: Gupis/Gilgit with  Chitral   Height: 3700 meters,  12139 feet  7. Khanjerab Pass (topmost in Pakistan)  Other name: Friendship  Gate Connects: China with  Pakistan   Height: 4693 meters,  15397 feet  8. Dorah pass Connects: Badakhshan province of Afghanistan with  Chitral   Height: 4300 meters,  14108 feet  9. Babusar Pass  Connects: Mansehra/Abbottabad with  Gilgit 10. Kohat Pass Connects: Kohat with  Peshawar   11. Khojak Pass Connects: Qilla Abdullah with  Chaman 12. Tochi Pass Connects: Ghazni with  Bannu 13. Karakar Pass Connects: Mingora with  Buner  

Explanation
Allama Iqbal envisioned a separate homeland for Muslims of the subcontinent. His poetry and philosophy deeply influenced the ideology behind Pakistan’s creation. Additional Information : Delivered the Allahabad Address (1930) proposing a separate Muslim state. Regarded as the " Spiritual Father of Pakistan ." His ideas laid the foundation for the Two-Nation Theory . National poet of Pakistan ; his birth ( Nov 9 ) is celebrated as Iqbal Day .

Explanation
The capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir is Muzaffarabad . It serves as the administrative and political center of the region. Muzaffarabad was founded by Sultan Muzaffar Khan Azad Jammu and Kashmir was established on October 24, 1947. The region covers an area of 13,297 km² (5,134 sq mi). It had a population of 4,045,366 as of 2017.

Explanation
Pakistan's  largest food   crop  is  wheat . As of  2018 , According to the  Ministry of Agriculture,   Pakistan's wheat  output reached  26.3 million tonnes. The most  important   crops  which together account for nearly  more than 75% o f the value of total crop output are: Wheat Sugarcane Cotton Rice