Topic: PPSC ASSISTANT PAST PAPERS PDF

Explanation
Bait-ul-Mal: An Islamic welfare system established during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and formalized by Caliph Umar (R.A). Sources of funds : Zakat, charity (Sadaqah), state revenue (Fay, Ghanimah). Used for : Poverty alleviation, orphans, debt relief, public infrastructure.

Explanation
Michael Phelps has won the most Olympic medals in history. He has won a total of 28 medals, 23 of which are gold , making him the most decorated Olympian of all time. Phelps is an American former competitive swimmer . ****

Explanation
Svedberg (Sv): A unit measuring the sedimentation coefficient (how fast particles settle in a centrifuge). Used in ultracentrifugation to study macromolecules (e.g., proteins, ribosomes). 1 Sv = 10⁻¹³ seconds.

Explanation
The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, marked the end of  two major conflicts : The  Thirty Years' War  ( 1618–1648 ) in the Holy Roman Empire, involved various  European powers, including Germany. The Eighty Years' War (1 568–1648 ) between Spain and the  Dutch Republic, resulted in Dutch independence from Spanish rule.

Explanation
The man who built the first Mechanical Calculator was Blaise Pascal . Pascal's calculator is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in the early 17th century. Mathematician Blaise Pascal was born on June 19, 1623 , in Clermont-Ferrand, France. In the 1640s he invented the Pascaline , an early calculator , and further validated Evangelista Torricelli's theory concerning the cause of barometrical variations. In 1642 , at the age of 18 , Pascal invented and build the first digital calculator as a means of helping his father perform tedious tax accounting. The device was called Pascal's calculator or the Pascaline or the Arithmetique .

Explanation
72 beats per minute is a good heart rate. Complete answer: The resting person usually has a pulse rate between 70 (beats per minute) and 80 (beats per minute). Your risk of dying from a heart attack is lower if your heart rate is below 80 beats per minute. A normal resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Explanation
Trees as Environmental Buffers : Climate Regulation : Absorb CO₂, release O₂, and moderate temperatures. Soil Protection : Prevent erosion and maintain soil health. Water Cycle : Help in groundwater recharge and reduce flooding.

Explanation
The main idea of the solar system was proposed by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). who said that "the Sun is the centre of the Universe " and made the planets move around it in perfect circles (in his book entitled, "On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres", written in Latin and published in 1543)

Explanation
Tahreek-e-Niswan : Founded in 1979 by Sheema Kermani , a renowned Pakistani dancer, activist, and feminist. Focuses on women’s rights, gender equality, and cultural activism through theater and grassroots campaigns.

Explanation
Bait-ul-Mal: An Islamic welfare system established during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and formalized by Caliph Umar (R.A). Sources of funds : Zakat, charity (Sadaqah), state revenue (Fay, Ghanimah). Used for : Poverty alleviation, orphans, debt relief, public infrastructure.

Explanation
Michael Phelps has won the most Olympic medals in history. He has won a total of 28 medals, 23 of which are gold , making him the most decorated Olympian of all time. Phelps is an American former competitive swimmer . ****

Explanation
Svedberg (Sv): A unit measuring the sedimentation coefficient (how fast particles settle in a centrifuge). Used in ultracentrifugation to study macromolecules (e.g., proteins, ribosomes). 1 Sv = 10⁻¹³ seconds.

Explanation
The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, marked the end of  two major conflicts : The  Thirty Years' War  ( 1618–1648 ) in the Holy Roman Empire, involved various  European powers, including Germany. The Eighty Years' War (1 568–1648 ) between Spain and the  Dutch Republic, resulted in Dutch independence from Spanish rule.

Explanation
The man who built the first Mechanical Calculator was Blaise Pascal . Pascal's calculator is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in the early 17th century. Mathematician Blaise Pascal was born on June 19, 1623 , in Clermont-Ferrand, France. In the 1640s he invented the Pascaline , an early calculator , and further validated Evangelista Torricelli's theory concerning the cause of barometrical variations. In 1642 , at the age of 18 , Pascal invented and build the first digital calculator as a means of helping his father perform tedious tax accounting. The device was called Pascal's calculator or the Pascaline or the Arithmetique .

Explanation
72 beats per minute is a good heart rate. Complete answer: The resting person usually has a pulse rate between 70 (beats per minute) and 80 (beats per minute). Your risk of dying from a heart attack is lower if your heart rate is below 80 beats per minute. A normal resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Explanation
Trees as Environmental Buffers : Climate Regulation : Absorb CO₂, release O₂, and moderate temperatures. Soil Protection : Prevent erosion and maintain soil health. Water Cycle : Help in groundwater recharge and reduce flooding.

Explanation
The main idea of the solar system was proposed by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). who said that "the Sun is the centre of the Universe " and made the planets move around it in perfect circles (in his book entitled, "On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres", written in Latin and published in 1543)

Explanation
The Punjab School Education Department (SED) on December 7, 2022 inaugurated first transgender school in Lahore to educate and teach skills to transpersons.

Explanation
Tahreek-e-Niswan : Founded in 1979 by Sheema Kermani , a renowned Pakistani dancer, activist, and feminist. Focuses on women’s rights, gender equality, and cultural activism through theater and grassroots campaigns.

Explanation
Bait-ul-Mal: An Islamic welfare system established during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and formalized by Caliph Umar (R.A). Sources of funds : Zakat, charity (Sadaqah), state revenue (Fay, Ghanimah). Used for : Poverty alleviation, orphans, debt relief, public infrastructure.

Explanation
Michael Phelps has won the most Olympic medals in history. He has won a total of 28 medals, 23 of which are gold , making him the most decorated Olympian of all time. Phelps is an American former competitive swimmer . ****

Explanation
Svedberg (Sv): A unit measuring the sedimentation coefficient (how fast particles settle in a centrifuge). Used in ultracentrifugation to study macromolecules (e.g., proteins, ribosomes). 1 Sv = 10⁻¹³ seconds.

Explanation
The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, marked the end of  two major conflicts : The  Thirty Years' War  ( 1618–1648 ) in the Holy Roman Empire, involved various  European powers, including Germany. The Eighty Years' War (1 568–1648 ) between Spain and the  Dutch Republic, resulted in Dutch independence from Spanish rule.

Explanation
The man who built the first Mechanical Calculator was Blaise Pascal . Pascal's calculator is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in the early 17th century. Mathematician Blaise Pascal was born on June 19, 1623 , in Clermont-Ferrand, France. In the 1640s he invented the Pascaline , an early calculator , and further validated Evangelista Torricelli's theory concerning the cause of barometrical variations. In 1642 , at the age of 18 , Pascal invented and build the first digital calculator as a means of helping his father perform tedious tax accounting. The device was called Pascal's calculator or the Pascaline or the Arithmetique .

Explanation
72 beats per minute is a good heart rate. Complete answer: The resting person usually has a pulse rate between 70 (beats per minute) and 80 (beats per minute). Your risk of dying from a heart attack is lower if your heart rate is below 80 beats per minute. A normal resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Explanation
Trees as Environmental Buffers : Climate Regulation : Absorb CO₂, release O₂, and moderate temperatures. Soil Protection : Prevent erosion and maintain soil health. Water Cycle : Help in groundwater recharge and reduce flooding.

Explanation
The main idea of the solar system was proposed by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543). who said that "the Sun is the centre of the Universe " and made the planets move around it in perfect circles (in his book entitled, "On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres", written in Latin and published in 1543)

Explanation
The Punjab School Education Department (SED) on December 7, 2022 inaugurated first transgender school in Lahore to educate and teach skills to transpersons.