Topic: SALU ENTRY TEST PAST PAPERS AND SYLLABUS

Explanation
Washing soda , also known as sodium carbonate , has the chemical formula Na₂CO₃. It is commonly used in cleaning agents and water softeners. Washing soda is a whitish, odourless powder.

Explanation
" The Man of Life Upright " is a poem written by Thomas Campion , a Renaissance poet and composer. The poem praises a morally upright man who lives in peace , unaffected by worldly troubles.

Explanation
شعر غزل کے ایک حصے کو کہتے ہیں۔ شعر کی سطر کو مصرع کہا جاتا ہے، اشعار پہ مشتمل مجموعہ کو غزل کہتے ہیں ایک شعر میں دو مصرعے ہوتے ہیں۔ پہلے مصرعے کو مصرع اولیٰ اور دوسرے کو مصرع ثانی کہتے ہیں غزل میں موجود اشعار کے مختلف نام ہیں پہلے شعر کو مطلع کہا جاتا ہے جس کے دونوں مصروں میں قافیہ اور ردیف استعمال ہوتا ہے غزل کے آخری شعر کو مقطع کہا جاتا ہے جس کے پہلے مصرعے میں اکثر شاعر اپنا تخلص استعمال کرتے ہیں اور دوسرے مصرعے میں قافیہ کے ساتھ ردیف کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے مطلع اور مقطع کے درمیان موجود غزل کے تمام اشعار (ہرایک شعر کو) کو بیت کہتے ہیں۔ مطلع غزل کا پہلا شعر ہوتا ہے جس کے دونوں مصرعوں میں قافیہ و ردیف ہوتا ہے۔ اسی شعر سے غزل کی زمین اور بحر کا تعین ہوتا ہے۔ مقطع غزل کا آخری شعر ہوتا ہے۔ اس میں اکثر شاعر اپنا تخلص (ادبی نام) استعمال کرتا ہے۔

Explanation
اردو زبان میں سب سے پہلے باقاعدہ طور پر ناول نگاری کا آغاز مولوی نذیر احمد نے کیا۔
ناقدین کی اکثریت نے انہیں اردو زبان کا پہلا ناول نویس تسلیم کیا ہے، کیونکہ ان کے ناول فنی اور تکنیکی لوازمات پر پورے اترتے ہیں۔
اردو کا پہلا ناول " مراۃ العروس " 1869ء میں تحریر کیا گیا۔

Explanation
مرزا غالب 27 دسمبر 1797 کو آگرہ میں پیدا ہوئے۔  مرزا غالب 15 فروری 1869ء کو انتقال کر گئے تھے۔

Explanation
Dr. Umar bin Muhammad Daudpota was born on 25 March 1896 (or 1 June 1897) in the village of Talti . It is located in Sehwan Sharif , Dadu District ( now District Jamshoro ), British India (present‑day Sindh, Pakistan).

Explanation
الطاف شيخ کي بطور اديب خاص شهرت سندس سفرنامن سبب مل۔ هن دنيا جي ڪيترن ملڪن جا سفر ڪيا ۽ دلچسپ انداز ۾ بيان ڪيو، جيڪو سنڌي ادب ۾ مقبول ٿيو۔

Explanation
John Dalton first presented the atomic theory in the early 1800s . He proposed that all matter is made up of indivisible atoms , forming the basis of modern chemistry.

Explanation
Washing soda , also known as sodium carbonate , has the chemical formula Na₂CO₃. It is commonly used in cleaning agents and water softeners. Washing soda is a whitish, odourless powder.

Explanation
An exothermic reaction releases heat to the surroundings. Examples include combustion and neutralization reactions. An endothermic reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings. Examples include photosynthesis and melting of ice.

Explanation
When water acts as the solvent in dissolving a substance, the process is called hydration . It involves the attachment of water molecules to the ions or molecules of the solute.

Explanation
Reproductive Part of a Plant: The flower is the part of the plant responsible for sexual reproduction. It produces seeds (through pollination and fertilization) that grow into the next generation of plants.

Explanation
Rajab is the seventh  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Safar is the second  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Jumada al-Awwal  is  the fifth month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. ** The names of the months in the Islamic calendar are: 1.Muharram 2.Safar 3.Rabi' al-awwal 4.Rabi' al-thani 5.Jumada al-awwal 6.Jumada al-thani 7.Rajab 8.Sha'aban 9.Ramadan 10.Shawwal 11.Dhu al-Qi'dah 12.Dhu al-Hijjah.

Explanation
President is the head of the state of Pakistan. The current head of state of Pakistan is Asif Ali Zardari   who was elected in 2024.

Explanation
About National Anthem of Pakistan : Written by:  Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952 Music by:  Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949 Adopted on:  August 13, 1954 First recorded by:  Ahmed Rushdi in 1954 Re-recorded after 68 years Key Facts : 15 lines in the National Anthem of Pakistan 48 words  in the National Anthem of Pakistan First played in front of Raza Shah Rahalvi of Iran "Jan-i-Istaqbal" means Symbol of ambitions First played on national radio on August 14, 1947 Duration of the National Anthem of Pakistan :  80 seconds (1 minute 20 seconds) Pakistan's National Anthem is written in :  Persian

Explanation
There is a total of  eight members  of SAARC; Remember Hints:  MBBS PAIN Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka SAARC was Founded in Dhaka   on December 8, 1985 SAARC Secretariat was founded by Bangladeshi diplomat Abul Ahsan Headquarters : Kathmandu SAARC cooperation has given observer status t o 9 states : Australia, China, the European Union, Iran, Japan, Mauritius, Myanmar, South Korea and the United States ****** ND8-1-2023 ND30-12-2022

Explanation
Syed Murad Ali Shah  is the 29th and current caretaker CM of Sindh since Feb 2024. Governor : Kamran Tessori Preceded by Maqbool Baqar (caretaker) List of Chief Ministers of Sindh from 1947 till today No. Name From To 1 Muhammad Ayub Khuhro 16-08-1947 28-04-1948 2 Pir Elahi Bux 3/5/1948 4/2/1949 3 Muhammad Yusuf Abdullah Haroon 18-02-1949 7/5/1950 4 Qazi Fazalullah Ubaidullah 8/5/1950 24-03-1951 5 Muhammad Ayub Khoro 24-03-1951 29-12-1951 6 Pirzada Abdul Star 22-05-1953 8/11/1954 7 Muhammad Ayub Khuro 9/11/1954 13-10-1955 8 Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto 1/5/1972 20-12-1973 9 Ghulam Mustafa Khan Jatoi 25-12-1973 5/7/1977 10 Syed Ghous Ali Shah 6/4/1985 6/4/1988 11 Akhtar Ali Ghulam Qazi 11/4/1988 29-05-1988 -- Akhtar Ali G. Qazi   (Caretaker) 29-05-1988 2/12/1988 12 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 2/12/1988 25-02-1990 13 Aftab Shahban Mirani 26-02-1990 5/8/1990 -- Jam Sadiq Ali (Caretaker) 6/8/1990 5/11/1990 14 Jam Sadiq Ali 5/11/1990 5/3/1992 15 Syed Muzaffar Hussain Shah 6/3/1992 19-07-1993 -- Syed Ali Madad Shah (Caretaker) 19-07-1993 20-10-1993 16 Syed Abdullah Shah 20-10-1993 6/11/1996 -- Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto (Caretaker) 7/11/1996 22-02-1997 17 Liaqat Ali Khan Jatoi 22-02-1997 30-10-1998 18 Sardar Ali Muhammad Khan Mahar 17-12-2002 9/6/2004 19 Doctor Arbab Ghulam Rahim 9/6/2004 19-11-2007 -- Justice (R) Abdul Qadir Halipota (Caretaker) 19-11-2007 6/4/2008 20 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 6/4/2008 18-03-2013 -- Justice (R) Zahid Qurban Alvi (Caretaker) 18-03-2013 30-05-2013 21 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 30-05-2013 30-07-2016 22 Syed Murad Ali Shah 30-07-2016 28-05-2018 -- Fazal ur Rehman  (Caretaker) 2/6/2018 18-07-2018 23 Syed Murad Ali Shah 18-08-2018 16-08-2023 24 Maqbool Baqar  17-08-2023 27-02-2024 25 Murad Ali Shah  27-02-2024 Incumben t

Explanation
A kilowatt-hour ( unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units .Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities.

Explanation
The ball shares the train’s horizontal velocity , so it moves forward with the train. As a result, it comes back down into the thrower’s hand .

Explanation
Force = Change in momentum / Time (from Newton’s second law). So, change in momentum in one second is defined as force .

Explanation
Force is not a base quantity; it is calculated using base quantities (mass and acceleration). It is a derived quantity because its SI unit (Newton) comes from kg·m/s².

Explanation
Reproductive Part of a Plant: The flower is the part of the plant responsible for sexual reproduction. It produces seeds (through pollination and fertilization) that grow into the next generation of plants.

Explanation
Rajab is the seventh  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Safar is the second  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Jumada al-Awwal  is  the fifth month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. ** The names of the months in the Islamic calendar are: 1.Muharram 2.Safar 3.Rabi' al-awwal 4.Rabi' al-thani 5.Jumada al-awwal 6.Jumada al-thani 7.Rajab 8.Sha'aban 9.Ramadan 10.Shawwal 11.Dhu al-Qi'dah 12.Dhu al-Hijjah.

Explanation
President is the head of the state of Pakistan. The current head of state of Pakistan is Asif Ali Zardari   who was elected in 2024.

Explanation
About National Anthem of Pakistan : Written by:  Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952 Music by:  Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949 Adopted on:  August 13, 1954 First recorded by:  Ahmed Rushdi in 1954 Re-recorded after 68 years Key Facts : 15 lines in the National Anthem of Pakistan 48 words  in the National Anthem of Pakistan First played in front of Raza Shah Rahalvi of Iran "Jan-i-Istaqbal" means Symbol of ambitions First played on national radio on August 14, 1947 Duration of the National Anthem of Pakistan :  80 seconds (1 minute 20 seconds) Pakistan's National Anthem is written in :  Persian

Explanation
There is a total of  eight members  of SAARC; Remember Hints:  MBBS PAIN Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka SAARC was Founded in Dhaka   on December 8, 1985 SAARC Secretariat was founded by Bangladeshi diplomat Abul Ahsan Headquarters : Kathmandu SAARC cooperation has given observer status t o 9 states : Australia, China, the European Union, Iran, Japan, Mauritius, Myanmar, South Korea and the United States ****** ND8-1-2023 ND30-12-2022

Explanation
Syed Murad Ali Shah  is the 29th and current caretaker CM of Sindh since Feb 2024. Governor : Kamran Tessori Preceded by Maqbool Baqar (caretaker) List of Chief Ministers of Sindh from 1947 till today No. Name From To 1 Muhammad Ayub Khuhro 16-08-1947 28-04-1948 2 Pir Elahi Bux 3/5/1948 4/2/1949 3 Muhammad Yusuf Abdullah Haroon 18-02-1949 7/5/1950 4 Qazi Fazalullah Ubaidullah 8/5/1950 24-03-1951 5 Muhammad Ayub Khoro 24-03-1951 29-12-1951 6 Pirzada Abdul Star 22-05-1953 8/11/1954 7 Muhammad Ayub Khuro 9/11/1954 13-10-1955 8 Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto 1/5/1972 20-12-1973 9 Ghulam Mustafa Khan Jatoi 25-12-1973 5/7/1977 10 Syed Ghous Ali Shah 6/4/1985 6/4/1988 11 Akhtar Ali Ghulam Qazi 11/4/1988 29-05-1988 -- Akhtar Ali G. Qazi   (Caretaker) 29-05-1988 2/12/1988 12 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 2/12/1988 25-02-1990 13 Aftab Shahban Mirani 26-02-1990 5/8/1990 -- Jam Sadiq Ali (Caretaker) 6/8/1990 5/11/1990 14 Jam Sadiq Ali 5/11/1990 5/3/1992 15 Syed Muzaffar Hussain Shah 6/3/1992 19-07-1993 -- Syed Ali Madad Shah (Caretaker) 19-07-1993 20-10-1993 16 Syed Abdullah Shah 20-10-1993 6/11/1996 -- Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto (Caretaker) 7/11/1996 22-02-1997 17 Liaqat Ali Khan Jatoi 22-02-1997 30-10-1998 18 Sardar Ali Muhammad Khan Mahar 17-12-2002 9/6/2004 19 Doctor Arbab Ghulam Rahim 9/6/2004 19-11-2007 -- Justice (R) Abdul Qadir Halipota (Caretaker) 19-11-2007 6/4/2008 20 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 6/4/2008 18-03-2013 -- Justice (R) Zahid Qurban Alvi (Caretaker) 18-03-2013 30-05-2013 21 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 30-05-2013 30-07-2016 22 Syed Murad Ali Shah 30-07-2016 28-05-2018 -- Fazal ur Rehman  (Caretaker) 2/6/2018 18-07-2018 23 Syed Murad Ali Shah 18-08-2018 16-08-2023 24 Maqbool Baqar  17-08-2023 27-02-2024 25 Murad Ali Shah  27-02-2024 Incumben t

Explanation
A kilowatt-hour ( unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units .Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities.

Explanation
The ball shares the train’s horizontal velocity , so it moves forward with the train. As a result, it comes back down into the thrower’s hand .

Explanation
Force = Change in momentum / Time (from Newton’s second law). So, change in momentum in one second is defined as force .

Explanation
Force is not a base quantity; it is calculated using base quantities (mass and acceleration). It is a derived quantity because its SI unit (Newton) comes from kg·m/s².

Explanation
Reproductive Part of a Plant: The flower is the part of the plant responsible for sexual reproduction. It produces seeds (through pollination and fertilization) that grow into the next generation of plants.

Explanation
Rajab is the seventh  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Safar is the second  month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. Jumada al-Awwal  is  the fifth month of the 12 lunar  months in the Islamic calendar. ** The names of the months in the Islamic calendar are: 1.Muharram 2.Safar 3.Rabi' al-awwal 4.Rabi' al-thani 5.Jumada al-awwal 6.Jumada al-thani 7.Rajab 8.Sha'aban 9.Ramadan 10.Shawwal 11.Dhu al-Qi'dah 12.Dhu al-Hijjah.

Explanation
President is the head of the state of Pakistan. The current head of state of Pakistan is Asif Ali Zardari   who was elected in 2024.

Explanation
About National Anthem of Pakistan : Written by:  Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952 Music by:  Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949 Adopted on:  August 13, 1954 First recorded by:  Ahmed Rushdi in 1954 Re-recorded after 68 years Key Facts : 15 lines in the National Anthem of Pakistan 48 words  in the National Anthem of Pakistan First played in front of Raza Shah Rahalvi of Iran "Jan-i-Istaqbal" means Symbol of ambitions First played on national radio on August 14, 1947 Duration of the National Anthem of Pakistan :  80 seconds (1 minute 20 seconds) Pakistan's National Anthem is written in :  Persian

Explanation
There is a total of  eight members  of SAARC; Remember Hints:  MBBS PAIN Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka SAARC was Founded in Dhaka   on December 8, 1985 SAARC Secretariat was founded by Bangladeshi diplomat Abul Ahsan Headquarters : Kathmandu SAARC cooperation has given observer status t o 9 states : Australia, China, the European Union, Iran, Japan, Mauritius, Myanmar, South Korea and the United States ****** ND8-1-2023 ND30-12-2022

Explanation
Syed Murad Ali Shah  is the 29th and current caretaker CM of Sindh since Feb 2024. Governor : Kamran Tessori Preceded by Maqbool Baqar (caretaker) List of Chief Ministers of Sindh from 1947 till today No. Name From To 1 Muhammad Ayub Khuhro 16-08-1947 28-04-1948 2 Pir Elahi Bux 3/5/1948 4/2/1949 3 Muhammad Yusuf Abdullah Haroon 18-02-1949 7/5/1950 4 Qazi Fazalullah Ubaidullah 8/5/1950 24-03-1951 5 Muhammad Ayub Khoro 24-03-1951 29-12-1951 6 Pirzada Abdul Star 22-05-1953 8/11/1954 7 Muhammad Ayub Khuro 9/11/1954 13-10-1955 8 Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto 1/5/1972 20-12-1973 9 Ghulam Mustafa Khan Jatoi 25-12-1973 5/7/1977 10 Syed Ghous Ali Shah 6/4/1985 6/4/1988 11 Akhtar Ali Ghulam Qazi 11/4/1988 29-05-1988 -- Akhtar Ali G. Qazi   (Caretaker) 29-05-1988 2/12/1988 12 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 2/12/1988 25-02-1990 13 Aftab Shahban Mirani 26-02-1990 5/8/1990 -- Jam Sadiq Ali (Caretaker) 6/8/1990 5/11/1990 14 Jam Sadiq Ali 5/11/1990 5/3/1992 15 Syed Muzaffar Hussain Shah 6/3/1992 19-07-1993 -- Syed Ali Madad Shah (Caretaker) 19-07-1993 20-10-1993 16 Syed Abdullah Shah 20-10-1993 6/11/1996 -- Mumtaz Ali Khan Bhutto (Caretaker) 7/11/1996 22-02-1997 17 Liaqat Ali Khan Jatoi 22-02-1997 30-10-1998 18 Sardar Ali Muhammad Khan Mahar 17-12-2002 9/6/2004 19 Doctor Arbab Ghulam Rahim 9/6/2004 19-11-2007 -- Justice (R) Abdul Qadir Halipota (Caretaker) 19-11-2007 6/4/2008 20 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 6/4/2008 18-03-2013 -- Justice (R) Zahid Qurban Alvi (Caretaker) 18-03-2013 30-05-2013 21 Syed Qaim Ali Shah 30-05-2013 30-07-2016 22 Syed Murad Ali Shah 30-07-2016 28-05-2018 -- Fazal ur Rehman  (Caretaker) 2/6/2018 18-07-2018 23 Syed Murad Ali Shah 18-08-2018 16-08-2023 24 Maqbool Baqar  17-08-2023 27-02-2024 25 Murad Ali Shah  27-02-2024 Incumben t