Topic: SINDH UNIVERSITY PAST PAPERS AND SYLLABUS

Explanation
Change the voice: " Did he buy mangoes? " Were mangoes bought by him The sentence is in past simple tense (Did + base verb). Passive voice becomes: Were + past participle (bought) + by + subject.

Explanation
" Who " introduces the clause " who was going to market " and relates it to " Hyder ". This makes " who " a relative pronoun .

Explanation
" What " is an interrogative pronoun used to ask a question. It replaces the unknown information (in this case, the name).

Explanation
The phrase " It is up to you " is commonly followed by the infinitive form: " to decide. " It means you are responsible for making the decision .

Explanation
" Have to " is used to express necessity or obligation . " I don’t have to " means it is not necessary , which fits the sentence.

Explanation
" They exclaimed with disgust that there was a cockroach there ." The original sentence shows an exclamation (" Ooch !") expressing disgust at seeing a cockroach. In reported speech : The interjection " Ooch !" becomes " exclaimed with disgust " The present tense " is " changes to past tense " was " " Here " changes to " there " (as required in reported speech) The conjunction " that " is added

Explanation
The original sentence (" Please wait for me .") uses the word " Please ," which indicates a polite request, not an order or suggestion. In indirect speech, such requests are reported using " requested + object + to + verb ."

Explanation
The sentence " They have completed the project " is in the active voice, and the passive form is " The project has been completed by them ". This maintains the same tense ( present perfect ) while changing the subject and object.

Explanation
Active Voice (Imperative): Structure : Verb (base form) + object Example : " Wash your face ." Passive Voice (Imperative): Structure : Let + object + be + past participle (V3) Example : "Let your face be washed".

Explanation
Active Voice (Future Continuous): Structure : Subject + will be + present participle (V-ing) + object Example : " Ahsan will be playing cricket ." Passive Voice (Future Continuous): Structure : Object + will be being + past participle (V3) + by + subject Example : " Cricket will be being played by Ahsan ."

Explanation
Change the voice: " Did he buy mangoes? " Were mangoes bought by him The sentence is in past simple tense (Did + base verb). Passive voice becomes: Were + past participle (bought) + by + subject.

Explanation
" Who " introduces the clause " who was going to market " and relates it to " Hyder ". This makes " who " a relative pronoun .

Explanation
" What " is an interrogative pronoun used to ask a question. It replaces the unknown information (in this case, the name).

Explanation
The phrase " It is up to you " is commonly followed by the infinitive form: " to decide. " It means you are responsible for making the decision .

Explanation
" Have to " is used to express necessity or obligation . " I don’t have to " means it is not necessary , which fits the sentence.

Explanation
" They exclaimed with disgust that there was a cockroach there ." The original sentence shows an exclamation (" Ooch !") expressing disgust at seeing a cockroach. In reported speech : The interjection " Ooch !" becomes " exclaimed with disgust " The present tense " is " changes to past tense " was " " Here " changes to " there " (as required in reported speech) The conjunction " that " is added

Explanation
The original sentence (" Please wait for me .") uses the word " Please ," which indicates a polite request, not an order or suggestion. In indirect speech, such requests are reported using " requested + object + to + verb ."

Explanation
The sentence " They have completed the project " is in the active voice, and the passive form is " The project has been completed by them ". This maintains the same tense ( present perfect ) while changing the subject and object.

Explanation
Active Voice (Imperative): Structure : Verb (base form) + object Example : " Wash your face ." Passive Voice (Imperative): Structure : Let + object + be + past participle (V3) Example : "Let your face be washed".