Chemical Process — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

Sugarcane is a primary raw material used in the production of sugar. The sugar content in sugarcane is typically expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the cane. On average, the sucrose (sugar) content in sugarcane ranges from 15% to 20% by weight . This percentage can vary based on factors such as variety, maturity, and growing conditions of the sugarcane. Option A (1 to 5%) and Option B (5 to 10%) are too low and do not reflect typical commercial values. Option D (20 to 30%) is too high and uncommon under normal agricultural practices. Therefore, the correct and most accurate range is Option C: 15 to 20 .

The Solvay Process is a widely used industrial method for the manufacture of soda ash (sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃) . The main raw materials required for this process are salt (NaCl), limestone (CaCO₃), and coke or gas . Salt (NaCl): Provides the sodium ions necessary for forming sodium carbonate. It is dissolved in water to form brine, which serves as the main source of sodium. Limestone (CaCO₃): When heated in a kiln, limestone decomposes to form carbon dioxide (CO₂) and quicklime (CaO) . The CO₂ generated is used in the carbonation stage of the process. Coke or Gas: Acts as a fuel to heat the limestone in the kiln, providing the thermal energy required for its decomposition. Coke (carbon) or producer gas can be used to maintain the necessary temperature and also contributes to CO₂ formation. Although ammonia is used in the process, it is not considered a raw material because it is continuously recovered and reused within the system. Therefore, the true consumable raw materials in the Solvay Process are salt, limestone, and coke or gas . Hence, the correct answer is Option A: Salt, limestone and coke or gas .

Acrylonitrile is an important organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C₃H₃N . It is a colorless, volatile liquid used primarily as a monomer in the production of various polymers and copolymers. The polymer industry is the main consumer of acrylonitrile, as it serves as a key raw material for manufacturing synthetic fibers, plastics, and rubbers. The most common polymers produced from acrylonitrile include: 1. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN): Used in making acrylic fibers, which are employed in textiles, carpets, and outdoor fabrics. 2. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS): A tough and rigid plastic used in automotive parts, electronic housings, and consumer goods. 3. Styrene Acrylonitrile (SAN): Used in making clear and heat-resistant plastics. Acrylonitrile is not used significantly in printing, dyeing, or photographic industries, as its primary applications are in polymer synthesis and related chemical manufacturing. Therefore, acrylonitrile is mainly used in the polymer industry . Hence, the correct answer is Option A: Polymer .

Fire retardant is the correct answer to “A mixture of chlorine & sodium bromide acts as a/an”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Chromates is the correct answer to “__________ are used as corrosion inhibitor for iron & steel in aqueous solutions.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Rocket fuel is the correct answer to “Hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) is used mainly as a/an”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Freeze drying is the correct answer to “Common salt is generally not produced commonly by __________ method from brine.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

5 is the correct answer to “Paper grade bamboo contains about __________ percent cellulose.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

1.2 is the correct answer to “Production of one ton of cement requires about __________ tons of limestone.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Blotting paper is the correct answer to “Which of the following paper does not require a filler during manufacture”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

20 is the correct answer to “Fish contains about __________ percent oil.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Medicated is the correct answer to “Phenolic antiseptics are added in the __________ soap.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Nitric acid is the correct answer to “Transportation of 35% oleum during winter suffers from the problem of freezing, which can be overcome by the addition of small quantity of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Either A or B is the correct answer to “Oxygen is produced by fractionation of air using __________ process.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Flint is the correct answer to “Electric bulbs are made of __________ glass.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Ethyl alcohol is the correct answer to “__________ is produced using molasses as the starting raw material.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

95 is the correct answer to “Sucrose content in cane sugar may be around __________ percent.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

2-8 is the correct answer to “Percentage of alcohol in beer may be around __________ percent.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

It reduces viscosity and imparts fluidity for its transportation through pipelines at economic pressure drop is the correct answer to “Pitch (a product of coal tar distillation) is always mixed with creosote oil, when it is to be burnt in a burner, because”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Detergent is the correct answer to “Aryl benzene sulphonate (ABS) is a”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Sodium borate is the correct answer to “Which of the following is a bleaching agent added in the detergents to facilitate removal of stains caused due to blood, tea etc”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Oleum is the correct answer to “The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT (from chloral and chlorobenzene) is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Iodine is the correct answer to “Which of the following is not produced commercially from sea water”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

All of the above is the correct answer to “Dacron (or terylene) fibres as compared to nylon's fibres have”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

All of the above is the correct answer to “In the manufacture of H 2 SO 4 , vanadium catalyst as compared to platinum catalyst”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Coke oven gas is the correct answer to “Which of the following contains least amount of N 2”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Silica/quartz is the correct answer to “__________ is used as a flux in the smelting of copper ore like chalcopyrite.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Desorption is the correct answer to “A unit operation is exemplified by the process of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Sodium chloride is the correct answer to “Zeolite removes both temporary as well as permanent hardness of water by precipitating calcium and magnesium present in water as insoluble zeolites. Used zeolite is regenerated by flushing with the solution of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Hematite is the correct answer to “Which of the following is an ore of iron”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Trichloroethane is the correct answer to “Dichloro diphenyl __________ is the full form of DDT (an insecticide).”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Sintering is the correct answer to “Which of the following processes is absent in glass manufacturing process”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

None of these is the correct answer to “A good quality coal should have”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Cellulose is the correct answer to “The ideal pulp for the manufacture of paper should have high __________ content.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Pyrex is the correct answer to “__________ glass has the lowest co-efficient of thermal expansion and hence is more heat resistant.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Slaked lime from quick lime is the correct answer to “Rotary kiln is not involved in the production of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

CO is the correct answer to “Which is the main reducing agent during production of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Both A and B is the correct answer to “Which of the following is a constituent of vinegar”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Anionic is the correct answer to “The most popular and common detergent i.e., alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) is a/an __________ detergent.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.

Oleic is the correct answer to “__________ acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Chemical Process.