18Th Century Revolts And Reform — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

The Brahmo Samaj was the first important organization of religious reforms. It forbade idol-worship and discarded meaningless rites and rituals. The Samaj also forbade its members from attacking any religion. It purify Hinduism and to preach monotheism. It criticize social evils, oppose idolatry and emphasize human dignity.

Dayananda Sarasvati, original name Mula Sankara, (born 1824, Tankara, Gujarat, India—died October 30, 1883, Ajmer, Rajputana), Hindu ascetic and social reformer who was the founder (1875) of the Arya Samaj (Society of Aryans [Nobles]), a Hindu reform movement advocating a return to the temporal and spiritual authority.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the "Calcutta Unitarian Committee". Annie Besant started the Central Hindu School.

Devadasi system is a religious practice in south India mostly in Karnataka and Telangana, and partly in Andhra Pradesh.

Swami Dayananda had translated the Rig Veda and Yajur Veda into Hindi.

Narayana Guru (ca. 1854 – 20 September 1928), was a social reformer of India. He was born into a family of the Ezhava caste in an era when people from such communities, which were regarded as Avarna, faced much injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala.

The Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP) was founded in 1903 with the guidance and blessings of Sree Narayana Guru.

Theosophical society has played an important role in the history of the religion, society and culture of modern India. She and her associates advocated the revival and strengthening of the ancient religions of Hinduism, Zoroastrianism and Buddhism. They recognized the doctrine of the transmigration of the soul.

In 1809, Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote 'Gift to Monotheists' in which he put forward the Idea that people must worship a single God.

Narayana Guru (ca. 1854 – 20 September 1928), was a social reformer of India. He was born into a family of the Ezhava caste in an era when people from such communities, which were regarded as Avarna, faced much injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala.

The Theosophical Society was officially formed in New York City, United States, on 17 November 1875 by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Colonel Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others.

The contributions of Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar that made him true follower of Raja Rammohan Roy and in a way most common aspects in both of them were Protest against child marriage, Advocacy of widow re marriage and Campaign against polygamy.

The main aims of Satyashodhak Samaj were Social service, Spread of education among women and lower caste, Complete abolition of caste system and inequalities.

Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth-seekers' Society) is a social reform society founded by Jyotiba Phule in Pune, India, on 24 September 1873. Its purpose was to liberate the less privileged in the then prevailing society such as women, Shudra, and Dalit from exploitation and oppression.

The College was formally opened on Monday, 20 January 1817 with 20 'scholars'. The foundation committee of the college, which oversaw its establishment, was headed by Raja Rammohan Roy.

Social reforms were a major task of the theosophical society. With respect to Indian traditions and culture, the one that does not find its occurrence in the societal activities are Resistance to widow remarriage and Accommodation of conversion in religious faith

This society was not against the widow remarriage. Their comprehensive reform movement has led many impressive projects of cultural change and social reform in Western India, such as the improvement of the lot of women and depressed classes, an end to the caste system, abolition of child marriages and infanticide, educational opportunities for women, and remarriage of widows.

Ahmadiya Movement was founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmed. It described itself as standard bearer of Mohammedan Renaissance. It is based itself on the principles of Brahmo Samaj. It Opposed jihad and worked for spreading western liberal education among Indian Muslims.

Gurudevan participated in the anniversary of the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam held at Palluruthy in 1927. It was a splendid meeting which demonstrated the sincere, devout faith of the people in Gurudevan. T. K. Madhavan was one of the chief architects of this meeting.

Muslim women in particular urged the Muslims to give up medieval customs and ways of thought and behavior and removal of purdah and spread of education.

The cause of 1857 revolt were - It was a great disparity in salaries between the Indian and European soldiers. The Indian sepoys were treated with contempt by their European officers. The sepoys were sent to distant parts of the empire, but were not paid any extra allowance.

The ideas propagated through Ramakrishna Mission were Social and religious reform, Doctrine of service, Service of jiva and worship of Shiva.

The administrative causes of 1857 revolt were Deprivation of the traditional ruling classes of their luxury due to the establishment of the company's suzerainty over the Indian states, Introduction of new and revenue system which snatched the land from cultivator and gave it to the moneylender or traitor.

It does not questioned the ancient philosophies that dominated the Indian thinking.

The Wood's Despatch is known as the Magna Carta of Indian Education. It was the Act of 1854, which was passed by the British.The despatch was presented by the Secretary of State, Sir Charles Wood, to the directors of the East India Company (as there was Company's rule at that time).

The main reason for division of Brahmo Samaj was Internal conflicts among Debendranath Tagore and Keshub Chandra Sen for including teachings of all religions.

Swami Vivekananda is the great disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and helped in spreading the message that there are many roads to god and salvation and service of god for man was embodiment of god.

On 24 September 1873, Phule formed Satyashodhak Samaj to focus on rights of depressed groups such as women, the Shudra, and the Dalit.

The actual name of Dayanand Saraawati, the founder of the Arya Samaj was Mula Shankar.

Wahabi movement aimed to organize Muslims around two fold ideas which were Harmony among 4 schools of Muslim which were divided at that time and recognition of the role of individual conscience in religion as conflicting interpretations were derived from quran and other practices.

Satyarth Prakash ("The Light of Meaning of the Truth" or The Light of Truth) is a 1875 book written originally in Hindi by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati, a renowned religious and social reformer and the founder of Arya Samaj. It is considered one of his major scholarly works.

Jyotibha Phule was the founder of Satyashodhak Samar in Pune 1873, the Purpose of this samaj was to liberate the Shudra Untouchable castes from exploitation and oppression.

The role of Tatia Tope in 1857 mutiny was commander-in-chief of the army of Nana Saheb and he has to organize Bhils of Panchamahal region against the British.

The first lawful Hindu widow remarriage among the upper castes in India was celebrated in Calcutta on 7 December 1856 under the inspiration and supervision of Vidyasagar. In 1850, Vidyasagar protested against child-marriage. All his life, he campaigned against polygamy.

Shariatullah founded the Faraizi movement which was a religious reform movement in the 19th century for Bengali Muslims. The term Faraizi was taken from fard which means standing for compulsory and mandatory duties ordained by Allah. It started in East Bengal.

Titu mir's movement- It was same as wahabi movement. It turned Muslim peasants into militant against Hindu landlords and British indigo planters. Titu mir's movement considered one of the Muslim reform movement mainly aimed at eradicating against Hindu landlords and British indigo planters.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya samaj (1875) in Mumbai. Members of Arya Samaj believed in one God but rejected the worship of idols. The motto of Arya samaj is - Make The World Great. The samaj is associated with the society named "Dayanand Anglo Vedic (DAV)".

Dayanand Saraswati was born in the village of Tankara, near Morvi (Morbi) in the Kathiawar region (Rajkot district) of the princely state of Gujarat in 1824.

The Press Act of 1910 was legislation promulgated in British India imposing strict censorship on all kinds of publications. The measure was brought into effect to curtail the influence of Indian vernacular and English language in promoting support for what was considered radical Indian nationalism.

Prarthana Samaj, or "Prayer Society" in Sanskrit, was a movement for religious and social reform in Bombay based on earlier reform movements. Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867 when Kesab Chandra sen visited Maharashtra, with an aim to make people believe in one God and worship only one God.