General Law & Jurisprudence — Past Papers — Part 4 MCQs with Explanations

This Act was officially enforced on 11th August 2020 to c ontrol hoarding and ensure availability of essential commodities.

Net Assets = Total Assets – Total Liabilities. It represents the actual value owned after paying off all obligations.

The Punjab Employment of Renters Act (PERA) prescribes a maximum of 6 months imprisonment or a fine up to Rs. 300,000, or both, for violations.

The second appeal to the relevant Court must be filed within 45 days after the Commissioner's decision, as per PERA guidelines.

Section 52 of the PERA provides that an appeal can be filed before the Commissioner within 30 days from the order of the lower authority.

When a person entrusted with property (like a cashier) dishonestly uses it for personal gain, it amounts to criminal breach of trust under Section 405 PPC.

These offences involve dishonest conduct relating to property or financial matters, hence classified as economic offences.

Section 79 PPC clarifies that a person acting under a mistake of fact, and not of law, may not be liable. Ignorance of la w is not an excuse.

They are guiding principles for governance b ut not enforceable by courts as legal rights.

Article 139 empowers provincial governments to make rules for the conduct of their business.

Under the Punjab Employees Efficiency, Discipline and Accountability Act (PERA), an Investigation Officer must obtain a written order or warrant from a Magistrate to search private property. his ensures legal oversight and pr otects individual privacy rights.

Section 417 empowers the state or complainant to appeal to the High Court against a judgment of acquittal.

Section 99E allows courts to issue directions or orders about the custody, disposal, or return of forfeited publications.

Section 99D deals with the procedure for the search and seizure of publication s declared forfeited due to objectionable content under CrPC.

This Latin maxim means "harm or loss without violation of a legal right" . In such cases, though damage may occur, there's no legal remedy if no legal right is infringed.

The Secretary Industries, Commerce & Investment is designated as the Provincial Controller General under the Act, managing price c ontrol mechanisms and implementation.

As per Section 61 of CrPC, an arrested person must be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours, excluding travel time, to prevent unlawful detention.

According to the Punjab Prevention of Hoarding Act 2020 , if a false or frivolous notice is issued under the whistleblower provision, the recipient is giv en 15 days to respond or reply.

"Audi alteram partem" translates to "hear the other side" and is a fundamental principle of natural justice, Meaning that before a decision is made against someone, they must be given a chance to present their case and defend themselves.

As per Explanation 2 of Section 21 PPC 1860 , a person is considered a public servant whatever legal defect exists in his right to hold that office. This ensures that official acts remain valid even if the appointment has procedural or technical defects.

As per Article 6(3) parliament is empowered to provide punishment of persons found guilty of high treason

Article 199 empowers the High Court to issue writs against the Government and public authorities . It ensures the protection of fundamental rights and legality of official actions.

Under Article 199 of the Constitution , the High Court’s writ jurisdiction is limited to its own province. It cannot exercise this power over areas outside its territorial jurisdiction.

In case of an offence by a corporation, only the Managing Director or a duly authorized officer of the company is legally allowed to file an appeal on its behalf.

Under the Punjab Prevention of Hoarding Act, once hoarding is suspected, the burden of proof shifts to the accused, who must demonstrate that they were not involved in hoarding.

Under the Tenancy Act, a tenancy lapses when the agreed term of tenancy expires, unless it is renewed. Death of the landlord or change of property name does not automatically end the tenancy.

In a partition suit under the Punjab Partition of Immovable Property Act, 2012 , parties may enter into a private settlement and submit it to the Court at any stage of the proceedings before the date of open auction of the property. The specific reference to "30 days" in the context of this law relates to the time frame within which a defendant must file their written statement: the defendant is required to file the written statement within thirty days of their first appearance in Court. If they fail to do so, their defence may be struck off.

In jurisdictions like the Punjab (Pakistan), the application for the partition of land is primarily governed by the Land Revenue Act, 1967, not the Tenancy Act. Specifically, such an application is filed under Section 135 of the Land Revenue Act, 1967.

Forcing someone into a legal contract is a civil wrong, not typicall y covered under unlawful assembly in criminal law.

A crime requires actus reus (guilty act) and mens rea (guilty mind) together under criminal law principles.

Section 11 of the Punjab Tenancy Act allows a tenant to claim occupancy rights after a certain time period (usually 20 years).

This principle comes from English constitutional law, historically meaning the sovereign is immune from prosecution or liability.

Section 65 of the Code of Criminal Procedure allows a Magistrate to order the immediate arrest of a person committing an offence in his/her presence.

Whistleblower Protection laws, unauthorized or false disclosure can result in penalties including imprisonment or fines, often up to 1 year or ₹1 lakh.

As per Punjab Prevention of Hoarding Act 2020, the Secretary of Industries Department acts as the General Controller responsible for implementation.

The designated Officer (appointed under the Act) is legally authorized to auction seized hoarded goods after proper process and approval.

Section 31(1)(f) of the Punjab Environmental Regulation Act covers arrest in cases where a person is trying to escape lawful custody.

As per the 2024 Act, if a person is aggrieved by an order (e.g., fine or seizure), they must file an appeal to the Divisional Commissioner within 7 days from the date of the order.

The Punjab Land Revenue Act includes provisions and definitions related to rents, cesses, land taxes, and related administrative matters in revenue collection.

Section 54 of the Criminal Procedure Code allows the police to arrest a person without a warrant under specific circumstances, such as suspicion of involvement in a cognizable offence. Section 54 CrPC lists 9 specific grounds on which a police officer may arrest a person without a warrant. These include offences cognizable in nature, preventing further crime, or ensuring appearance before a magistrate.