Industrial Engineering And Production Management — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

In the context of industrial engineering and production management, the actual performance of a task is referred to as an "event." An event represents a specific occurrence or action related to the task or process being monitored or analyzed. It is a significant happening within the context of the task's execution. The other options do not accurately describe the actual performance of a task: Option B: An activity typically refers to a broader set of tasks or actions and may include multiple events. Option C: A duration refers to the amount of time it takes to complete a task but does not capture the specific performance itself. Option D: None of these is incorrect as "event" is the appropriate term for the actual performance of a task. So, the correct answer is Option A: An event , which best represents the actual performance of a task in this context.

The essential condition for the decompression of an activity is that An activity could be decompressed to the maximum extent of its normal time

According to MAPI formula, the old machine should be replaced by new one when (Here, CAM = Challenger's Adverse minimum, DAM = Defender's Adverse minimum) CAM < DAM

The simplex method is the basic method for Linear programming. The Simplex method is a search procedure that sifts through the set of basic feasible solutions, one at a time, until the optimal basic feasible solution is identified.

The Symbol on a PERT / CPM chart represents: An ordinary event A significant event representing some mile-stone An event to be transferred to other network chart Dangling event

Line organization is the most oldest and simplest method of administrative organization. According to this type of organization, the authority flows from top to bottom in a concern. The line of command is carried out from top to bottom.

The break-even point (BEP) or break-even level represents the sales amount—in either unit (quantity) or revenue (sales) terms—that is required to cover total costs, consisting of both fixed and variable costs to the company. Total profit at the break-even point is zero.

Work study is a systematic technique to analyze work processes and improve efficiency and productivity. It comprises two major components: Method Study and Work Measurement . Method Study aims at improving the method of performing a task. For this, tools like the process chart are used to visualize and analyze the steps involved in the current method. Work Measurement is used to determine the time taken to perform a task. A stop watch is commonly used in time studies to record the duration of different job elements. A planning chart is more associated with project planning and scheduling but may still be involved in the broader context of work study, especially during implementation phases. Therefore, since all these tools may be used in different contexts of work study, the correct answer is: Any one of these.

Direct expense is an expense incurred that varies directly with changes in the volume of a cost object. A cost object is any item for which you are measuring expenses, such as products, product lines, services, sales regions, employees, and customers. The materials used to construct a product for sale.

Examples of indirect expenses include: salaries,insurance,depreciation of equipment,equipment maintenance,facility rent,office supplies, and advertising and marketing

Line, staff and functional organizations is best suited for steel plants

Basic tool in work study is Stop watch

Group Incentives/Team based Compensation Under individual incentive system workers are paid on the basis of their personal performance. Their wages will be directly linked to their efforts. A worker may improve his remuneration by raising the level of output

Fixed position layout is also known as Static product layout fixed position layout, personnel, supplies, and equipment are brought to the site where the product will be assembled, rather than the product being moved through an assembly line or set of assembly stations.

Product layout is also known as Synthetic layout product layout refers to a production system where the work stations and equipment are located along the line of production, as with assembly lines.

In employee's provident fund (EPF) was set up to which the employer and employee had to contribute a certain sum. The EPF Act is applicable to establishments who employ a minimum of 20 employees and notified by the Central Government.

The term 'cost-slope' is defined as the “increase in the cost of the activity per unit decrease in the time”. Cost slope = $$\frac{{{\text{Crash cost}} - {\text{Normal cost}}}}{{{\text{Normal time}} - {\text{Crash time}}}}$$

The difference between the time available to do the job and the time required to do the job is known as Float

ABC analysis is a type of inventory categorization method in which inventory is divided into three categories, A, B and C in descending value. Inventory management and optimization in general is critical for business to help keep their costs under control. In A-B-C analysis, C class of items are generally large in number.

A man-machine chart graphically represents the relationship between the manual work performed by one or more operators and one or more machines involved in a manufacturing process.

The important file in making a PERT is 1. An event can't be accomplished until activities leading to it are completed 2. No activity from any event can be started from preceding event till it is completed 3. Length of arrow has nothing to do with time

Work is done in small amounts at each of the work stations on the line. To use the product layout, the total work to be performed must be dividable into small tasks that can be assigned to each of the work stations. Because the work stations each do small amounts of work, the stations utilize specific techniques and equipment tailored to the individual job they are assigned. This can lead to a higher rate of production.

Dummy activities often have a zero completion time and are used to represent precedence relationships that cannot be easily represented using the actual activities involved in the project. By convention dummies are always shown as dotted arcs in network diagrams.

An activity of the project is graphically represented by An arrow on the network diagram.

Guidelines for constructing network diagrams: - Each activity is represented by only one arrow - An arrow can represent only one activity - If two or more activities are identified with the same start & end events. Dummy activity/activities need to be introduced in the network - Before an activity can be started all preceding activities must be completed - The flow of diagram is from left to right - The arrows are not to the scale - Arrows should be straight - Unless absolutely unavoidable, arrows should not be crossed

Following statement is correct about the network diagram - The events are represented graphically by circles or nodes at the beginning and the end of activity by arrows. - The tail end of the arrow represents the start of an activity. - The head of the arrow represents the end of an activity.

Valve analysis is particularly of interest when Production is on large scale

Advantages of work sampling method are as follows: Work sampling gives an unbiased result since workmen are not under close observation. Team work can be studied by work sampling and not by the time study. Work sampling is economical and less time-consuming than time study.

Statistical quality control techniques are based on the theory of Probability. Statistical quality control refers to the use of statistical methods in the monitoring and maintaining of the quality of products and services.

The Rowan plan of wage incentive system calculates the bonus based on the time saved by the worker. According to this plan: Option A: Whose output exceeds 67% efficiency. This is incorrect because the Rowan plan does not specifically tie bonuses to a set efficiency percentage. Option B: On the percentage of time saved. This is correct as the Rowan plan pays a bonus based on the proportion of time saved compared to the standard time. Option C: On the percentage of time worked. This is incorrect because the bonus is not based on the time worked but on the time saved. Option D: On the percentage of standard time. This is incorrect because it is the time saved, not the standard time, that determines the bonus. Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: On the percentage of time saved .

In Emerson's efficiency plan of wage incentive system, bonus is paid to a worker Whose output exceeds 67% efficiency

Under Rowan Plan, the standard time for the completion of a job and the rate per hour is fixed. If the time taken by the worker is more than the standard time, then he is paid according to the time rate, i.e. time taken multiplied by the rate per hour.

The time required to complete a task is established and a bonus is paid to the worker for every hour he saves from the established time required. This type of incentive plan is known as Halsey Premium plan

The break-even point determines the number of sales needed to achieve a net income of zero. It shows the point when a company's revenue equals total fixed costs plus variable costs, and its fixed costs equal the contribution margin.

Monte Carlo solutions in queuing theory are extremely useful in queuing problems That can't be analysed mathematically

critical ratio (CR) is calculated by dividing the time remaining until a job's due date by the total shop time remaining for the job, which is defined as the setup, processing, move, and expected waiting times of all remaining operations, including the operation being scheduled.

The annuity charging method of depreciation is a process used to calculate depreciation on an asset by calculating its rate of return as if it was an investment. This method requires the determination of the internal rate of return (IRR) on the cash inflows and outflows of the asset.

An optimum project schedule implies Lowest possible cost and shortest possible time for project

Time study is a structured process of directly observing and measuring human work using a timing device to establish the time required for completion of the work by a qualified worker when working at a defined level of performance.

Time study is a structured process of directly observing and measuring human work using a timing device to establish the time required for completion of the work by a qualified worker when working at a defined level of performance.