Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations
Practice high-yield Computer Science & IT MCQs on Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees — Part 1 with worked academic solutions for PPSC, FPSC, CSS, PMS, NTS.
Questions
40
Difficulty Level
Exam-Level
Target Exams
PPSC, FPSC, CSS...
Estimated Time
48 mins
Exam-Level PPSC FPSC CSS PMS NTS
Verified for Commission Syllabus • Oct 14, 2026
40
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🎉 Set complete! All 40 questions answered.
Question 1 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the primary property of an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option B — It is a self-balancing binary search tree.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
It is a self-balancing binary search tree. is the correct answer to “What is the primary property of an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 2 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which of the following operations is used to restore balance in an AVL tree after insertion?
Correct Answer: Option C — Rotations
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Rotations is the correct answer to “Which of the following operations is used to restore balance in an AVL tree after insertion”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 3 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, which property ensures that no two consecutive red nodes exist on any path?
Correct Answer: Option D — Red property
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Red property is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, which property ensures that no two consecutive red nodes exist on any path”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 4 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the maximum height of an AVL tree with n nodes?
Correct Answer: Option A — log2(n + 1)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
log2(n + 1) is the correct answer to “What is the maximum height of an AVL tree with n nodes”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 5 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which tree property is used to ensure that in a B-Tree all leaves are at the same level?
Correct Answer: Option D — Uniform height
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Uniform height is the correct answer to “Which tree property is used to ensure that in a B-Tree all leaves are at the same level”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 6 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, what is the color of the root node?
Correct Answer: Option C — Black
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Black is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, what is the color of the root node”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 7 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the order of a B-Tree if it has a maximum of m children per node?
Correct Answer: Option B — m
Detailed Academic Explanation:
m is the correct answer to “What is the order of a B-Tree if it has a maximum of m children per node”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 8 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the time complexity of insertion in an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option C — O(log n)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
O(log n) is the correct answer to “What is the time complexity of insertion in an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 9 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, which property helps in maintaining a balanced tree?
Correct Answer: Option D — The red-black property
Detailed Academic Explanation:
The red-black property is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, which property helps in maintaining a balanced tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 10 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the primary difference between a Red-Black tree and an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option A — AVL trees are more rigidly balanced.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
AVL trees are more rigidly balanced. is the correct answer to “What is the primary difference between a Red-Black tree and an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 11 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the maximum number of children a node in a B-Tree of order m can have?
Correct Answer: Option D — m
Detailed Academic Explanation:
m is the correct answer to “What is the maximum number of children a node in a B-Tree of order m can have”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 12 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which operation in a B-Tree involves redistributing keys between nodes to maintain balance?
Correct Answer: Option C — Merging
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Merging is the correct answer to “Which operation in a B-Tree involves redistributing keys between nodes to maintain balance”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 13 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In an AVL tree, what type of rotation is performed when a node has a balance factor of +2 and its right child has a balance factor of -1?
Correct Answer: Option B — Left-Right Rotation
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Left-Right Rotation is the correct answer to “In an AVL tree, what type of rotation is performed when a node has a balance factor of +2 and its right child has a balance factor of -1”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 14 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, what does the black-height of a node represent?
Correct Answer: Option C — The number of black nodes on the path from that node to a leaf.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
The number of black nodes on the path from that node to a leaf. is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, what does the black-height of a node represent”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 15 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the time complexity of searching for an element in a B-Tree of order m?
Correct Answer: Option D — O(log_m n)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
O(log_m n) is the correct answer to “What is the time complexity of searching for an element in a B-Tree of order m”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 16 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which type of rotation is performed to fix a right-right case imbalance in an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option A — Left Rotation
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Left Rotation is the correct answer to “Which type of rotation is performed to fix a right-right case imbalance in an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 17 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, which property is used to ensure that the path from the root to the farthest leaf is no more than twice as long as the path to the nearest leaf?
Correct Answer: Option D — Black-height property
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Black-height property is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, which property is used to ensure that the path from the root to the farthest leaf is no more than twice as long as the path to the nearest leaf”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 18 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the maximum number of children a non-root node can have in a B-Tree of order m?
Correct Answer: Option C — m
Detailed Academic Explanation:
m is the correct answer to “What is the maximum number of children a non-root node can have in a B-Tree of order m”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 19 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In an AVL tree, what happens when a node's balance factor becomes +2 due to an insertion in the right subtree of the right child?
Correct Answer: Option B — A single left rotation is performed.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A single left rotation is performed. is the correct answer to “In an AVL tree, what happens when a node's balance factor becomes +2 due to an insertion in the right subtree of the right child”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 20 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
How are keys stored in a B-Tree node?
Correct Answer: Option C — In a sorted order
Detailed Academic Explanation:
In a sorted order is the correct answer to “How are keys stored in a B-Tree node”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 21 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the primary advantage of using a Red-Black tree over an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option D — Red-Black trees require fewer rotations.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Red-Black trees require fewer rotations. is the correct answer to “What is the primary advantage of using a Red-Black tree over an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 22 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the time complexity of deleting a node from a Red-Black tree?
Correct Answer: Option C — O(log n)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
O(log n) is the correct answer to “What is the time complexity of deleting a node from a Red-Black tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 23 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a B-Tree of order m, what is the minimum number of keys a non-root node must contain?
Correct Answer: Option D — ⌈m / 2⌉
Detailed Academic Explanation:
⌈m / 2⌉ is the correct answer to “In a B-Tree of order m, what is the minimum number of keys a non-root node must contain”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 24 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which operation is not required to maintain balance in a B-Tree after insertion or deletion?
Correct Answer: Option A — Rotations
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Rotations is the correct answer to “Which operation is not required to maintain balance in a B-Tree after insertion or deletion”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 25 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What does the term "splaying" refer to in the context of splay trees?
Correct Answer: Option D — A technique to move recently accessed nodes to the root.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A technique to move recently accessed nodes to the root. is the correct answer to “What does the term "splaying" refer to in the context of splay trees”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 26 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, which property is used to ensure that the number of black nodes on any path from the root to a leaf is the same?
Correct Answer: Option C — Black-height property
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Black-height property is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, which property is used to ensure that the number of black nodes on any path from the root to a leaf is the same”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 27 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
How does a B-Tree differ from a Binary Search Tree (BST)?
Correct Answer: Option B — B-Trees allow multiple children per node.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
B-Trees allow multiple children per node. is the correct answer to “How does a B-Tree differ from a Binary Search Tree (BST)”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 28 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, what is the color of the newly inserted node?
Correct Answer: Option D — Red
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Red is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, what is the color of the newly inserted node”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 29 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the primary use of a B-Tree in databases and file systems?
Correct Answer: Option A — To maintain sorted data with efficient insertion and deletion operations.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
To maintain sorted data with efficient insertion and deletion operations. is the correct answer to “What is the primary use of a B-Tree in databases and file systems”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 30 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In an AVL tree, what condition triggers a double rotation?
Correct Answer: Option D — When a node's balance factor is -2 or +2.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
When a node's balance factor is -2 or +2. is the correct answer to “In an AVL tree, what condition triggers a double rotation”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 31 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the height of a Red-Black tree with n nodes in the worst case?
Correct Answer: Option C — O(log n)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
O(log n) is the correct answer to “What is the height of a Red-Black tree with n nodes in the worst case”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 32 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a B-Tree of order m, what is the maximum number of keys a node can contain?
Correct Answer: Option B — m
Detailed Academic Explanation:
m is the correct answer to “In a B-Tree of order m, what is the maximum number of keys a node can contain”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 33 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which of the following is true about the root node in a B-Tree?
Correct Answer: Option A — It can have fewer than the minimum number of children.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
It can have fewer than the minimum number of children. is the correct answer to “Which of the following is true about the root node in a B-Tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 34 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a B-Tree of order 5, what is the minimum number of children a non-root node can have?
Correct Answer: Option D — 3
Detailed Academic Explanation:
3 is the correct answer to “In a B-Tree of order 5, what is the minimum number of children a non-root node can have”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 35 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
How does the height of a B-Tree compare to a binary search tree with the same number of nodes?
Correct Answer: Option C — The height is smaller.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
The height is smaller. is the correct answer to “How does the height of a B-Tree compare to a binary search tree with the same number of nodes”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 36 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which operation in a Red-Black tree might require re-coloring of nodes?
Correct Answer: Option B — Both insertion and deletion
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Both insertion and deletion is the correct answer to “Which operation in a Red-Black tree might require re-coloring of nodes”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 37 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
What is the time complexity for deleting a node in an AVL tree?
Correct Answer: Option C — O(log n)
Detailed Academic Explanation:
O(log n) is the correct answer to “What is the time complexity for deleting a node in an AVL tree”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 38 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In an AVL tree, what happens when a node is deleted and it causes imbalance?
Correct Answer: Option D — Rebalancing with rotations is performed.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Rebalancing with rotations is performed. is the correct answer to “In an AVL tree, what happens when a node is deleted and it causes imbalance”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 39 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a Red-Black tree, what does the term "splaying" refer to?
Correct Answer: Option A — Moving a node to the root to improve access times.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Moving a node to the root to improve access times. is the correct answer to “In a Red-Black tree, what does the term "splaying" refer to”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
Question 40 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a B-Tree, which operation can cause a node to split?
Correct Answer: Option D — Insertion when a node is full.
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Insertion when a node is full. is the correct answer to “In a B-Tree, which operation can cause a node to split”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Advanced Trees _Avl_ Redblack_ Btrees
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Advanced Mapreduce Concepts — Part 1
Master the next curriculum module with 40 exam-standard MCQs.
In competitive commission exams (FPSC, PPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, CSS, PMS), questions are frequently phrased with distractor options designed to catch rote learners. Whenever you answer an MCQ, read the Detailed Academic Explanation and Conceptual Anchor to understand why the remaining options are incorrect.