Basic General Knowledge — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

Mahatma Gandhi amongst the following had called Rabindranath Tagore as THE GREAT SENTINEL. Rabindranath Tagore was a key figure of the Bengal Renaissance. He started writing at an early age and by the turn of the century had become a household name in Bengal as a poet, a songwriter, a playwright, an essayist, a short story writer and a novelist. In 1913 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature and his verse collection Gitanjali came to be known internationally. At about the same time he founded Visva-Bharati, a university located in Santiniketan, near Kolkata. Called the ‘Great Sentinel’ of modern India by Mahatma Gandhi, Tagore steered clear of active politics but is famous for returning his knighthood as a gesture of protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919.

Grand Central Terminal, Park Avenue, New York is the world's largest railway station. GCT is the largest train station in the world in terms of area occupied and number of platforms. The terminal is spread over 49 acres and has 44 platforms.

Eritrea is a northeast African country on the Red Sea coast. It shares borders with Ethiopia, Sudan and Djibouti. The capital city, Asmara, is known for its Italian colonial buildings, like St. Joseph's Cathedral, as well as art deco structures. Italian, Egyptian and Turkish architecture in Massawa reflect the port city's colorful history. Notable buildings here include St. Mariam Cathedral and the Imperial Palace.

Garampani sanctuary is located at Diphu, Assam. It is one of the oldest sanctuaries containing hot water spring and waterfalls and surrounded by Nambor Sanctuary having 51 rare species of orchid.

For Literature, Peace and Economics, Physics and Chemistry and Physiology or Medicine of the following disciplines the Nobel Prize is awarded.

Hitler party which came into power in 1933 is known as Nazi Party. Under the leadership of Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, or Nazi Party, grew into a mass movement and ruled Germany through totalitarian means from 1933 to 1945. Founded in 1919 as the German Workers’ Party, the group promoted German pride and anti-Semitism, and expressed dissatisfaction with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the 1919 peace settlement that ended World War I (1914-1918) and required Germany to make numerous concessions and reparations.

FFC stands for Film Finance Corporation. FFC, is India's state funding body for films. The 1927 Indian Cinematograph Committee recommended such a state-sponsored agency in its Report of the Indian Cinematograph Committee.

Fastest shorthand writer was Dr. G. D. Bist.

Epsom (England) is the place associated with Horse racing. Epsom is a market town in Surrey, England, 22.0 km south-west of London. Epsom Downs Racecourse holds The Derby, now a generic name for sports competitions in English-speaking countries. The town also gives its name to Epsom salts, extracted from mineral waters there.

The first human heart transplant operation was conducted by Dr. Christiaan Barnard on December 3, 1967 , in Cape Town, South Africa. The patient was Louis Washkansky , a 54-year-old grocer who suffered from chronic heart disease. Dr. Barnard and his team performed the surgery at Groote Schuur Hospital , using a heart from a young woman who had died in a car accident. The surgery took several hours, and at one point, Washkansky's heart stopped beating, but it was restarted with a defibrillator. After the surgery, Washkansky was given drugs to suppress his immune system, in order to prevent his body from rejecting the new heart. He initially appeared to be recovering well, but several days later, he developed pneumonia and died on December 21, 1967, just 18 days after the surgery. Although the first heart transplant was not a complete success, it marked a major milestone in the development of cardiac surgery and organ transplantation. Dr. Barnard and his team went on to perform many more heart transplants, and the procedure became increasingly successful and widespread in the following decades.

Galileo was an Italian astronomer who developed the telescope, discovered four satellites of Jupiter and discovered that the movement of pendulum produces a regular time measurement. Galileo was an Italian astronomer, mathematician, physicist, philosopher and professor who made pioneering observations of nature with long-lasting implications for the study of physics. He also constructed a telescope and supported the Copernican theory, which supports a sun-centered solar system.

Habeas Corpus Act 1679 provided facilities to a prisoner to obtain either speedy trial or release in bail, states that no one was to be imprisoned without a writ or warrant stating the charge against him and safeguarded the personal liberties of the people against arbitrary imprisonment by the king's orders. The Habeas Corpus Act 1679 was a landmark English law that safeguarded the personal liberties of the people against arbitrary imprisonment by the king's orders. The act provided several key protections for those who were imprisoned, including the right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus, which allowed them to challenge the legality of their detention in court. The act stated that no one was to be imprisoned without a writ or warrant stating the charge against him, and it also provided facilities to a prisoner to obtain either speedy trial or release in bail. This meant that individuals could not be held indefinitely without trial, and that they had a legal right to challenge their imprisonment and seek release. The Habeas Corpus Act was a significant milestone in the development of individual rights and protections in English law. It helped to establish the principle that no one could be detained without a legal basis for doing so, and that individuals had the right to challenge their detention in court. The act also had a lasting influence on legal systems around the world, including in the United States, where similar protections were enshrined in the Constitution.

Exposure to sunlight helps a person improve his health because the ultraviolet rays convert skin oil into Vitamin D.

Golf player Vijay Singh belongs to Fiji. He was born in 1963, who was number 1 in the Official World Golf Ranking for 32 weeks in 2004 and 2005. He was nicknamed as "The Big Fijian", has won three major Golf Championships.

Guarantee to an exporter that the importer of his goods will pay immediately for the goods ordered by him, is known as Letter of Credit (L/C). A Letter of Credit, also known as LC or Documentary Credit, is a commonly used instrument for effecting payment between a buyer and a seller. It can be a vital part of mitigating a seller's risk of payment in either international trade or domestic business.

First Afghan War took place in 1839. The First Anglo-Afghan War (also known by the British as the Disaster in Afghanistan) was fought between the British East India Company and the Emirate of Afghanistan from 1839 to 1842.

Gulf cooperation council was created on May 25, 1981, the 630-million-acre (2,500,000 km 2 ) Council comprises the Persian Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The unified economic agreement between the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council was signed on November 11, 1981 in Abu Dhabi. These countries are often referred to as The GCC States.

The First China War, also known as the First Opium War, was fought between China and Great Britain. The First Opium War, also known as the Anglo-Chinese War, was a conflict between China and Great Britain that took place from 1839 to 1842. The war arose due to the Chinese government's attempts to suppress the opium trade, which was dominated by British merchants who were illegally importing opium into China from their colonies in India. In response to China's crackdown on the opium trade, the British government sent a military expedition to force China to open its ports to foreign trade and to legalize the opium trade. The British were also supported by other Western powers including France and the United States. The conflict involved a series of naval and land battles, with the British and their allies ultimately emerging victorious. In 1842, the Treaty of Nanking was signed, which opened up five Chinese ports to foreign trade and granted extraterritoriality to Western powers in China. The treaty also forced China to pay a large indemnity to Britain, cede Hong Kong to British control, and recognize the British as having "most favored nation" status. The First Opium War had a significant impact on China, leading to increased foreign influence and weakening of the Qing dynasty's authority. It also set the stage for future conflicts and tensions between China and Western powers, as well as the rise of anti-foreign sentiment in China.

Dumping is a term that is used in financial markets as well as in international trade. In the context of buying and selling securities, dumping refers to the practice of selling large blocks of securities. More specifically, when dumping securities the seller is primarily interested in getting rid of the securities at any price. One simply dumps, or unloads, on the market with no regard to the selling price of the securities.

For the Olympics and World Tournaments, the dimensions of basketball court are 28 m x 15 m.

Federation Cup, World Cup, Allywyn International Trophy and Challenge Cup are awarded to winners of Volleyball.

Each year World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day is celebrated on May 8. This date is the anniversary of the birth of Henry Dunant, who was born on 8 May 1828.

Famous sculptures depicting art of love built some time in 950 AD - 1050 AD are Khajuraho temples. The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is a group of Hindu temples and Jain temples in Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India, about 175 kilometres southeast of Jhansi. They are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The temples are famous for their nagara-style architectural symbolism and their erotic sculptures.

Gravity setting chambers are used in industries to remove suspended particulate matter. A Gravitational Settling Chamber is a rectangular chamber in which several horizontal trays are fixed. When the polluted gas enters the chamber, its velocity is kept low so that the particulates get sufficient time to settle down due to gravity.

Guwahati High Court is the judicature of Assam, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.

SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging), also written as sodar, is a meteorological instrument also known as a wind profiler which measures the scattering of sound waves by atmospheric turbulence.

Trygve Lie, Dag Hammarskjoeld, U Thant, Kurt Waldheim is the correct chronological order of names of Secretary-Generals of the UNO.

Fire temple is the place of worship of Zoroastrianism (Parsi Religion). A fire temple in Zoroastrianism is the place of worship for Zoroastrians, often called dar-e mehr (Persian) or agiyari (Gujarati). In the Zoroastrian religion, fire (see atar), together with clean water (see aban), are agents of ritual purity.

Film and TV institute of India is located at Pune (Maharashtra). The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) is an autonomous institute under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India and aided by the Central Government of India. It is situated on the premises of the erstwhile Prabhat Film Company in Pune.

Georgia, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan became the members of UNO in 1992.

Guru Gobind Singh (1666 - 1708). The 10th Guru of the Sikhs who founded the Khalsa the inner council of the Sikhs in 1699. He is said to be the author of Dasam Granth.

Hermann Scheer (Germany) received right Livelihood Award in 1999 for his indefatigable work for the promotion of solar energy worldwide. Hermann Scheer was a Social Democrat member of the German Bundestag, President of Eurosolar and General Chairman of the World Council for Renewable Energy.

Germany signed the Armistice Treaty on November 11, 1918 and World War I ended.

During World War II, 1940 Germany attack France. The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. On 3 September 1939 France had declared war on Germany, following the invasion of its ally Poland.

Frederick Sanger Born August 13, 1918, Rendcombe, Gloucestershire, England. English biochemist who was twice the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He was awarded the prize in 1958 for his determination of the structure of the insulin molecule. He shared the prize (with Paul Berg and Walter Gilbert) in 1980 for his determination of base sequences in nucleic acids. Sanger was only the fourth two-time recipient of the Nobel Prize.

The ozone layer restricts ultraviolet radiation. The Ozone layer which is present in the Earth's atmosphere protects it by restricting from UV or Ultraviolet radiation, the dangerous rays contained by Sun.

Eugenics is the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species or a human population, especially by such means as discouraging reproduction by persons having genetic defects or presumed to have inheritable undesirable traits (negative eugenics) or encouraging reproduction by persons presumed to have inheritable desirable traits (positive eugenics)

Euclid was Greek mathematician, propounded the geometrical theorems and contributor to the use of deductive principles of logic as the basis of geometry.

Ecology deals with relation between organisms and their environment. Ecology is the study of the interaction of organisms in an area with their environment. This interaction constitutes an overall adaptation of the organisms to their environment which also includes the continuity of species. However, the availability of organisms in an area is dependent on the type of environment.

Filaria is caused by Mosquito. Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of the Filarioidea type. These are spread by blood-feeding diptera such as black flies and mosquitoes.