Agriculture And Soil In Indian Geography — Part 2 MCQs with Explanations

Acidic soil is most suited for tea plantation. Tea grows well on high land well drained soils having a good depth, acidic pH in the range 4.5 to 5.5 and more than 2% organic matter.

Shifting cultivation also known as slash and burn farming is harmful for soil fertility in long term.

Khaddar soils are found In flood plains. In India, Khadar soil is found along the Indo Ganga-Brahmaputra flood plain.

Laterite soils are formed by the process of leaching which is the flowing down of some minerals of soil along with water. Leaching requires high temperature and high rainfall.

Guaranteed maximum price instead of maximum price was a part of green revolution policy. Today it has taken the form of MSP i.e. Minimum Support Price and it is declared by ACP i.e. Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices.

In lateritic soil the silica present on top percolates down with water and the process is known as leaching. Leaching requires high temperature and high rainfall.

The soils which have supported agriculture for centuries without much manuring or fallowing are black and alluvial soils.

Although planning commission has divided India into 15 agro climatic zones, Agricultural Ministry on the other hand has divided India into 127 zones.

AGMARK is a certification given to agricultural commodities in order to comply with Agricultural Products Act 1986. It is given for the assurance of quality.

Although agriculture contributes only 14% towards GDP yet more than 60% of population is engaged in it. It is still considered as backbone of economy.

Red soil is found in Indian state such that Tamil Nadu, southern Karnataka, noth-eastern Andhra and some parts of M.P., Chhatisgarh and Odisha. Hence, option 3 is correct.

Of the following statements about the major soil types, the incorrect one is Red soils are rich in phosphorus, nitrogen and lime content. Red soil is rich in iron oxide, but deficient in nitrogen and lime.

The plantation in a huge manner to prevent soil erosion is called Shelter Belts. Plantation of protective belts of trees around a farmland prevents the action of external agents such as running water and wind on soil. Shelterbelt trees help to reduce soil erosion by protecting against wind and the elements and reducing the impact that severe weather has on the soil by providing much needed shelter. Shelterbelts can also provide protection to the shoreline by protecting against the impact of salt carried by the wind.

the types of soil erosion in decreasing order of damage caused In India is Ravine erosion and gullies, alkalinity and salinity weeds and water-logging.

Peaty soil is found in Kerala. They are low in phosphate and potash content. Peaty and marshy soils are found in a few districts of Kerala.

Salinization on the irrigated land makes some soils impermeable. Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. It makes some soils impermeable which is the effect of salinization on the irrigated land.

soil erosion be controlled on hill slopes by Linear contour ploughing. For contour ploughing the mounds are made with digged zones adjacently at the edge of contours to control soil erosion. This practice takes place in hilly areas where land is not uniform.

In this type of soil the soil particles have a coating of ferric oxides. These iron oxides have haematite or hydrous ferric oxide which is red in color.

Regur soils is best suited for cotton. It is other name for black soil. Because of their clayey nature, black soil is much required for growing cotton. Cotton cultivation requires high moisture retention. Black soils are very fine grained and dark, contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates and highly argillaceous.

Black soil derived from volcanic rocks with humus is suitable for growing Cotton. Cotton cultivation requires high moisture retention. Black soils are very fine grained and dark, contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates and highly argillaceous. It is most suitable for the growth of cotton.

The formation of laterite soil is mainly due to Leaching. Main reason of laterite soils formation is due to intense leaching. Leaching happens due to high tropical rains and high temperature. These soils have mainly developed in the higher areas of the peninsular plateau.

In the agricultural resources, cereals comprise of Rice, wheat, millets. The seven principal cereals grown in the world are wheat, maize, rice, barley, oats, rye and sorghum. Wheat became very popular because of the bread produced.

Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil in India. Alluvial soils is are formed by the deposits of the sediments brought by rivers. Most of the rivers originate from the Himalayas and bring along high amount of sediments with them. The soil is made up of particles like silt, sand and clay. It has adequate amount of phosphoric acid, potash and lime. Alluvial soil is of two types - (i) old alluvium known as bangar, and (ii) new alluvium called khaddar. It is the most important type of soil found in the country as it covers about 40% of the total land.

Lateritic soil Which is formed by the process of leaching is predominant on the Eastern and Western coast of India. This soil is found in the regions having high temperature and high rainfall.

Alluvial soils are not generally rich in phosphorus but poor in potash. The alluvial soils are generally rich in potash but poor in phosphorous. In the Upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz. Khadar and Bhangar. Khadar is the new alluvium and is deposited by floods annually, which enriches the soil by depositing fine silts.

Clay, Silt, Sand and Gravel is the correct order of increasing size of the grains of soil particles.

Among the options given above rain is the most important factor which affects the agriculture in India. Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon and the regional variations in production and type of agriculture are a manifestation of rainfall variations.

Black soils are found in Deccan plateau. These soils are rich in lime,iron and alumina and have high moisture retention capacity so these are best suited for cotton cultivation.

Regur soils is formed differently from the other three. Black soil is formed from the weathering of igneous rocks and the cooling of lava after the volcano eruption. It is known as Regur soil, cotton soil and lava soil.

The salinity of soil is measured by Electrical Conductivity Meter. Water and soil salinity are measured by passing an electric current between the two electrodes of a salinity meter in a sample of soil or water. The electrical conductivity or EC of a soil or water sample is influenced by the concentration and composition of dissolved salts.

Leaching is the process by which the loss (or) extraction of essential material (like micro & macro nutrients) of soil occurs. It may be done through water, wind (or) other agents.

Soil contains many minerals and salts. Some of them are used by one type of crop while others by other crops. Crop rotation will help to regain those minerals and will prevent the over exploitation of one type of mineral.

The important feature of shifting cultivation is Change of cultivation site. Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which a person uses a piece of land, only to abandon or alter the initial use a short time later. This system often involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming until the soil loses fertility.

Black soils are ideal for cultivation of cotton as they can retain moisture. Cotton cultivation requires high moisture retention. Black soils are very fine grained and dark, contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates and highly argillaceous.

In 1966 during the time of green revolution yielding variety seeds of wheat, rice, maize, jowar, millet were sown. It was most successful with fodder crops specially wheat and rice.

Gram is a cash crop in India. A cash crop or profit crop is an agricultural crop which is grown to sell for profit.

In "Green Revolution" new varieties of dwarf wheat such as Lerma, Roso and Sonora were imported and the yield was increased by 562% i.e. nearly 6 times. Although there were other crops like rice and millet but main thrust was with wheat.

The statements that are correct are that Alluvial soil is rich in chemical properties and is capable of yielding Rabi and Kharif crops and Black soil is suitable for cotton, groundnut.

Soil can best be conserved on the hills by Contour ploughing. If ploughing is done at right angles to the hill slope, the ridges and furrows break the flow of water down the hill. This prevents excessive soil loss as gullies are less likely to develop and also reduce run-off so that plants receive more water.

Rice is a kharif crop which requires highly alluvial soil and a great amount of water. Major rice producing states are Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.