World Agriculture_ Minerals And Industries — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

India has three cropping seasons namely Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid. Kharif crops are also called monsoon crops because these crops are sown during the southwest monsoon season. Rice, maize, and pulses are the key Kharif crops.

Crystallization processes of weathering belongs to both mechanical and chemical weathering. Mechanical or physical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks and soils through direct contact with atmospheric conditions, such as heat, water, ice and pressure. Chemical weathering - process by which the internal structure of a mineral is altered by the addition or removal of elements.

Monsoon effect is also experienced in East Africa. The monsoon winds of eastern Africa, with their characteristic seasonal reversal from the northeast (NE) to the southeast (SE), are a major influence on the climate and seas, affecting weather patterns, rainfall and human activities.

The polar regions of the earth cannot support forest growth because The rainfall is very low, The growing season is short in these areas and The ground is often frozen or snow or ice-covered.

Climate influences the rate of weathering and humus in soil formation. Although amount of humus content depends on flora and fauna but rate of formation also depends upon climate. Weathering also is a insitu degradation of rocks due to erosional agents such as air, water and ice.

Scanty rainfall of less than 50 cm per annum is received by the areas of high latitudes. There are three such areas in India Northern Gujarat, western Rajasthan and the southern parts of Punjab-Haryana, The rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats and The desert of Ladakh.

Climate of a place is mainly dependent on Latitude. Therefore, higher latitudes receive less heat than lower latitude areas nearer the equator.

Daily weather map showing isobars is an example of Isopleth map. Isopleth map shows an imaginary surface by means of lines joining points of equal values.

The following statements that are true about convectional rainfall are The areas of the world, having an equatorial type of climate, receive this kind of rainfall, It is usually torrential and accompanied by thunder and lightning and It is also known as 4 o'clock rain.

Equatorial climatic region has the least temperature range. Equatorial climate is also referred to as tropical rainforest climate and is defined as a tropical climate usually (but not always) found along the equator.

The tropical deciduous trees shed their leaves in summer because it prevents loss of moisture through transpiration. As this is a hot-dry season, the leaves get dry due to high temperature and deficiency of moisture causing these trees to shed their leaves.

Hunting is the main activity of Eskimos during the short period of summer season.

The temperature decreases towards poles, because the sun rays falling per unit area are less at poles. The amount of insolation received on the earth’s surface is not uniform everywhere. It varies according to the place and time. When the tropical regions receive maximum annual insolation, it gradually decreases towards the poles. Insolation is more in summers and less in winters.

Seasonal contrast in temperature are minimum in the equatorial region because Sun is almost vertically overhead throughout the year.

Perspiration is maximum when temperature is High and air is humid. As air temperature increases, air can hold more water molecules, and its relative humidity decreases. When temperatures drop, relative humidity increases. High relative humidity of the air occurs when the air temperature approaches the dew point value. Temperature therefore directly relates to the amount of moisture the atmosphere can hold.

Although hot deserts have a very low annual rainfall, occasional heavy rain storms do occur and these sometimes produce steep-sided, flat-floored valleys called Wadi.

The correct sequence of the climatic regions while going from Zaire to Netherlands are Equatorial climate, Hot desert climate, Mediterranean climate. West and European climate.

A place having an average annual temperature of 27°C and an annual rainfall of over 200 cm would be Singapore.

Polar climates like the tundra are characterized by very cold temperatures and generally dry conditions. Temperatures never rise above 10° C (50° F) during the summer. The tundra located near the Arctic and Antarctic Circle, experiences times when the Sun never rises above the horizon.

The statements about the 'Roaring Forties' are l They blow with great strength and constancy, Their direction is generally from North-West to East in the Southern Hemisphere and Overcast skies, rain and raw weather are generally associated with them.

Latitude and Altitude determines the climate of a place. Latitude refers to the distance of a location of a place on the earth surface from the equator; while altitude describes how high a place is located above the sea level. Latitude and altitude are two primary factors known to affect variations in temperature on the earth surface because of unequal heating of the earth’s atmosphere.

Mediterranean climate prevails in Central Chile. A Mediterranean climate prevails in central Chile, making it an ideal climate for grapes.There is a maritime climate in southern Chile. It rains a lot here and it gets very cold in winter. In summer it stays fresh and the wind blows throughout the year.

Orographic type of rainfall leads to the formation of the windward and the leeward side. The chief characteristic of this sort of rain is that the windward slopes receive greater rainfall. After giving rain on the windward side, when these winds reach the other slope, they descend, and their temperature rises. Then their capacity to take in moisture increases and hence, these leeward slopes remain rainless and dry.

Convectional rainfall occurs when air gets heated & rise up producing clouds responsible for hunderstorm & lightning. Such a weather phenomenon is common in equatorial region where sun rays fall vertically over head throughout the year. Hence afternoon rain occurs almost everyday in this region.

When a warm front and a cold front converges, warm front rises over cold front and this causes rainfall which is called frontal rainfall.

Shallow-rooted trees are associated with Equatorial climate. The roots of these type of trees go down only 4 to 8 inches into the ground. Shallow roots are even visible above the ground. Visible roots, or surface roots, may become a nuisance in a yard.

Environmentalists observed that Arctic ice is melting or retreating at tremcndous rate leading to rising sea level. This has happened due to increased concentration of CO? leading to green house effect. Also glaciers are diminishing in size. (This option is most appropriate when compared to other option)

China type of climate prevails in Central China, North China and Southern Japan. China type Climate are Warm Temperate Eastern Margin Climate.

Very high daily range of temperature characteristic is related to tropical deserts. The tropical desert has the highest mean annual temperature of any climate on Earth. The high temperatures are a result of the high sun angles throughout the year and having the highest percentage of sunshine of any climate. Daytime temperatures can reach 50° C (120° F) at low elevation inland deserts.

The statements that are correct are The movement of the isotherms is greater over the land than it is over the oceans and Coastal regions have a smaller range of temperature than do continental interiors.

Acid rain describes any form of precipitation that contains high levels of nitric and sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the form of snow, fog, and tiny bits of dry material that settle to Earth. Poland has maximum damage to the forest been caused by acid rain.

The average annual temperature is 19°C. An average annual rainfall of about 120 cm is distributed throughout the year, Late summer and autumn are the dreaded seasons of hurricanes and typhoons. These are the climatic conditions of China type.

The tropical grasslands of Africa are known as Savannas. A savanna is a rolling grassland scattered with shrubs and isolated trees, which can be found between a tropical rainforest and desert biome. They are mostly located near the equator. The largest savanna is located in Africa. Nearly half of the continent of Africa is covered with savanna grasslands.

Savanna is the tropical grassland. It is characterised by widely spaced trees allowing the sunlight to reach earth surface which ultimately helps in growing grass.

Winter temperature ranging from -29° C to -40° C, summer temperature about 10° C, total annual precipitation about 25 cm. and low humidity. These characterise the climate of Tundra type.

The mediterranean region specialises in fruit culture because the long dry summer favour drying and packing of fruits for export.

The Mediterranean type of climate is found in mid-latitudes on the Western side of the continents. Mediterranean climate types can be found along the west side of continents in mid-latitudes from 30° to 50° N and 30° to 40° S latitudes, commonly in a belt of prevailing westerly winds. Shrub communities are common in the Mediterranean climate type.

The driest spot on earth is in the Atacama desert, parts of which went without rain for years. The Atacama is in South America. The Atacama Desert is one of the driest places on Earth. The Atacama is in the country of Chile in South America. In an average year, much of this desert gets less than 1 millimeter (0.04 inch) of rain! That makes it 50 times drier than Death Valley in California.

Drizzling characteristics is NOT found in the convectional rainfall. Drizzle consists of very small raindrops, larger than cloud droplets, but smaller than normal raindrops. It usually occurs when updrafts in clouds are not quite strong enough to produce rain.

The date of summer solstice in Northern Hemisphere is 21st June. The June solstice is the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. The date varies between June 20 and June 22, depending on the year, and the local time zone.