18Th Century Revolts And Reform — Part 2 MCQs with Explanations

The Servants of Indian Society started by Gopal Krishna Gokhale was set up with which of the objectives to prepare masses for selfless cause of country and devote their lives if needed and to train national missionaries for the service of country.

Gopal Hari Deshmukh (18 February 1823 – 9 October 1892) was an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer and writer from Maharashtra. His original surname was Shidhaye. Because of 'Vatan' (right of Tax collection) that the family had received,the family was later called Deshmukh.

Ram Mohan Roy launched an attack on Sati that "aroused such anger that for awhile his life was in danger".

Satya Shodhak Samaj was established by Jyotibha Phule in 1873. It was established with the aim of liberating the Shudras and backward Caste from the opposition of hypo critical Brahmans and their opportunistic scriptures.

Arya Samaj, (Sanskrit: "Society of Nobles") vigorous reform movement of modern Hinduism, founded in 1875 by Dayananda Sarasvati, whose aim was to reestablish the Vedas, the earliest Hindu scriptures, as revealed truth.

It was also known as ‘Walliullah Movement’ which started in response to the western influences and was inspired by the teachings of Shah Walliullah who was regarded as the first Indian Muslim leader. The entire movement was moving around the legacy of Islam- 'Quran and Hadis'.

His original name was Mul Shankar because he was born in Dhanu Rashi and Mul Nakshatra. His father was Karshanji Lalji Kapadi, and his mother was Amrutbai.

They wanted to promote radical ideas through teachings and by organizing debates and discussions on Literature, History, Philosophy and Science. The basic motto of Derozio was to spread intellectual revolution among young students. He was a great propounder of liberal thinking.

The Temple Entry Proclamation was issued by Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma in 1936 and abolished the ban on the so called 'low caste people' or avarnas from entering Hindu temples in the Princely State of Travancore, now part of Kerala, India.

Sir Huge Rose described Rani Laxmi Bai as 'the best and bravest military leader of the rebel'.

Raj Ram Mohan Roy founded Bramho Sabha in August 1828, it was later renamed as Brahmo Samaj. It aimed at purifying Hinduism and preaching 'monotheism' on the basis of reason and the Vedas and Upanishads.

Harijan Sevak Sangh is a non-profit organisation founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1932 to eradicate untouchability in India, working for Harijan or Dalit people and upliftment of scheduled castes of India.

Nataraja Guru was a notable disciple of Sree Narayana Guru introduced Guru's visions and ideals to the western world.

Raja Rammohan Roy founded brahmo samaj in Calcutta on 20 August 1828. It was more of a reformist movement of Hinduism which later got divided into adi brahmo samaj and sadharan brahmo samaj. Raja Ram Mohan Roy, one of the few 19th century reformers of Hindu society.

The means adopted under Self Respect Movement was to undermine position of Brahmin priests by formalizing weddings without them.

The innovative means used by Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar to bring Sanskrit education to all were Devised new Bengali primer and it brought new prose style.

The sepoy mutiny of 1857 occurred during the Governor Generalship to break priestly monopoly of scriptural knowledge(Sanskrit) and opening to non- Brahmins and Charles wood dispatch on education, influenced it towards female education.

Arya Samaj is an Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas. The samaj was founded by the sannyasi Dayanand Saraswati on 10 April 1875. Members of the Arya Samaj believe in one God and reject the worship of idols.

The main reasons for failure of Young Bengal Movement were that it did not involve peasant cause and Radicalism was bookish in character and did not develop links with masses.

Indian Mutiny of 1857. During the Indian Mutiny, from 1857 to 1858, Begum Hazrat Mahal's band of supporters, led by Raja Jailal Singh, rebelled against the forces of the British; later, they seized control of Lucknow and she declared her son, Birjis Qadra, as the ruler (Wali) of Oudh.

Swami Vivekananda's contribution to society and educating masses is through following ways: He condemned caste system and current rituals and superstitions. He criticized for having lost touch with rest of world and for becoming stagnant and mummified. He subscribed to Vedanta which he considered fully rational system.

Raja Rammohan Roy's contribution to education are that he assisted David Hare in setting Hindu college and English school at Calcutta was maintained at his own cost.

It felt that immediate political progress was not possible and British Government couldn't be easily dislodged.

The greatest contribution of Ishwar Chand Vidyasagar in the social reforms in India was that he ensured the widow's marriage and girl's education.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj at Kolkata in 1828. His efforts actually led to the resumption of the ethical principles of the Vedanta school of philosophy. He co-founded the Calcutta Unitarian Society. The title 'Raja' was bestowed upon him by the Mughal Emperor, Akbar II.

The social reasons for 1857 revolt was that the english could not establish any social relationship with the Indians and the racial arrogance of the british created a difference between the rulers and the ruled.

Atmaram Pandurang or Atmaram Pandurang Turkhadekar was an Indian physician and social reformer who founded the Prarthana Samaj and was one of the two Indian co-founders of the Bombay Natural History Society.

Henry Vivian Derozio started young Bengal movement with the inspiration of French revolution.

The ideas popularized through theosophical society were Doctrine of trans-migration of souls, Universal brotherhood of man and Reincarnation and Karma, and drew inspiration from philosophy of Upanishads and samkhya, yoga and Vedanta school.

Mystic superstition is not the part of the theosophical society that was marked by the close understanding of the cosmos and the mundane life.

Henry Vivian Derozio was an Anglo-Indian. He was called first nationalist poet of modern India. He taught at Hindu college and was later removed because of his radicalism.

Renunciation, meditation and devotion are the paths chosen by Ramakrishna Paramahamsa towards salvation.

British Officials Hugh Rose suppressed the Revolt of Jhansi.

Raja Rammohan Roy supported women's rights. He was known for his efforts to abolish Sati Pratha (Hindu funeral practice in which widows were compelled to sacrifice themselves with their husband's pyre) and child marriage. Due to his unending efforts, Sati was declared illegal in 1829.

Lord Canning served as Governor General of India from 1856 to 1862. During his tenure, the Government of India Act, 1858 was passed which created the office of Viceroy to be held by the same person who was Governor General of India. Thus, Lord Canning also served as first Viceroy of India.

Raja Rammohan Roy supported women's rights. He was known for his efforts to abolish Sati Pratha (Hindu funeral practice in which widows were compelled to sacrifice themselves with their husband's pyre) and child marriage. Due to his unending efforts, Sati was declared illegal in 1829.

Ram Mohan Roy was originally buried on 18 October 1833, in the grounds of Stapleton Grove where he had died of meningitis on 27 September 1833.

Theosophical movement though not very successful helped in contributing to developments in society it provided self respect needed to fight British colonial rule.

Sri Narayana Guru preached the doctrine of 'One caste, One religion, One God.' Its worth note that one of his athiest disciples, Sahadaran Ayyapan, changed into 'no religion, no caste and no God for mankind.

Raja Rammohan Roy supported women's rights. He was known for his efforts to abolish Sati Pratha (Hindu funeral practice in which widows were compelled to sacrifice themselves with their husband's pyre) and child marriage. Due to his unending efforts, Sati was declared illegal in 1829.