World History — Part 2 MCQs with Explanations

Abraham Lincoln was succeeded by Vice President Andrew Johnson. Lincoln presided over the Union victory in the American Civil War, which dominated his presidency.

American civil war was a struggle against slavery and controversy over state's rights related to racial discrimination that started in April 1861 and lasted for 4 years till 1865.

The war began on February 8, 1904, when the main Japanese fleet launched a surprise attack and siege on the Russian naval squadron at Port Arthur.

The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Sparta defeated Athens in 404 BC.

September 25 (October 6), 1768 began the Russo-Turkish war - one of the most significant wars between the Russian and Ottoman empires, as a result of which Kerch, Yenikale and Kinburn, the lands between the Dnieper and the Bug were attached to Russia and the Crimean Khanate gained independence under the protection of Russia.

The Warring States Period (475–221 BC) was an era of division in ancient China. After the relatively peaceful and philosophical Spring and Autumn Period, various states were at war before the Qin state conquered them all, and China was reunited under the Qin Dynasty.

Bernard Baruch, the multimillionaire financier and adviser to presidents from Woodrow Wilson to Harry S. Truman, coined the term “Cold War” to describe the increasingly chilly relations between two World War II Allies: the United States and the Soviet Union.

The kingdom of England and the kingdom of France was involved in a series of conflict form 1337 to 1453, it is referred as " The Hundred Year War ".

A: Treaty of Vienna: This treaty was signed in 1815, following the Napoleonic Wars. It aimed to restore the balance of power in Europe but is not related to the Franco-Prussian War. B: Treaty of Munich: This treaty, signed in 1938, allowed Nazi Germany to annex parts of Czechoslovakia. It has no connection to the Franco-Prussian War. C: Treaty of Paris: There were several treaties named Treaty of Paris, but the most notable ones concerning the French and various conflicts occurred in 1763, 1815, and 1856. None of these treaties ended the Franco-Prussian War. D: Treaty of Versailles: This treaty, signed in 1919, ended World War I and imposed heavy reparations on Germany. It is unrelated to the events of the Franco-Prussian War. E: Treaty of Frankfurt: This is the correct answer. The Treaty of Frankfurt was signed in May 1871, officially ending the Franco-Prussian War. It resulted in significant territorial losses for France, including Alsace and parts of Lorraine, and marked the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership. Conclusion: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) concluded with the signing of the E: Treaty of Frankfurt, which reshaped the political landscape of Europe in the late 19th century.

The Korean War was a war between North Korea and South Korea. The fighting ended on 27 July 1953, when an armistice was signed.

The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations lasting from August 6 to August 30, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, United States.

Jana-Gana-Mana was composed by Rabindra Nath Tagore in Bengali language. Under the title of Bharat Vidhata it was first published in 1912 and sung in the (Calcutta session)1911.

The last constitutional provision (covering undivided India) passed by the House of Commons was Government of India Act 1935.

1917 is known for the series of revolutions in Russia collectively termed as The Russian Revolution.

The Glorious Revolution, also called “The Revolution of 1688” and “The Bloodless Revolution,” took place from 1688-1689 in England. It involved the overthrow of the Catholic king James II, who was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary and her Dutch husband, William of Orange.

German New Guinea (German: Deutsch-Neuguinea) consisted of the northeastern part of the island of New Guinea and several nearby island groups and was the first part of the German colonial empire. The mainland part of the territory, called Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, became a German protectorate in 1884.

On June 24, 1497, 50 days into the voyage, Cabot landed on the east coast of North America. The precise location of Cabot's landing is subject to controversy. Some historians believe that Cabot landed at Cape Breton Island or mainland Nova Scotia.

Charlemagne is crowned emperor - December 25, 800.

According to tradition, the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare is born in Stratford on Avon on April 23, 1564.

The breakup of the Carolingian Empire was accompanied by invasions, migrations, and raids by external foes. The Atlantic and northern shores were harassed by the Vikings who raided the British Isles and settled there as well as in Iceland.

Thomas Edison invented a less powerful incandescent lamp in 1879, and in September 1882 only a month before the inaugural issue of POWER magazine was published he established a central generating station at Pearl Street in lower Manhattan.

Alexander was educated by the great philosopher Aristotle of Stagira. The school at Mieza can still be visited (a little to the east and below modern Naousa).

The words of Abraham Lincoln to honour the soldiers that sacrificed their lives in order “that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth” were spoken at Gettysburg, but these words apply as well to the countless soldiers that died for the cause of democracy in the following 150 years.

Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail all the way around the world. He also discovered a passage from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean that is today called the Straits of Magellan.

Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. In French European country feudalism process was first started.

George Washington was an American political leader, military general, statesman, and Founding Father, who also served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797.

Pepin the Short took control of the kingdoms of Austrasia and Neustria in a coup of 753.

The individualistic theory considers the State as ‘a necessary evil’. It is an evil because it encroaches upon the freedom of individuals. As it is an evil, it is better to have as little of it as far as possible. But at the same time, the State is regarded as ‘necessary’ because of selfish and egoistic nature of human beings. It is necessary in order to stop the anti-social activities of individuals in the society. But it should not be all powerful, omnipotent and omnicompetent. Hence it is considered as a ‘necessary evil”.

Constantine was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. Although he lived much of his life as a pagan, and later as a catechumen, he joined the Christian faith on his deathbed, being baptised by Eusebius of Nicomedia.

Anglo-Russian Entente, (1907) pact in which Britain and Russia settled their colonial disputes in Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet. It delineated spheres of influence in Persia, stipulated that neither country would interfere in Tibet's internal affairs, and recognized Britain's influence over Afghanistan.

Pearl Harbor attack, (December 7, 1941), surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu Island, Hawaii, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan.

Nelson Mandela is known as "South African Gandhi". He also used the Gandhian principles of 'Passive Resistance' and 'Satyagraha' as effective political tool.

The alternative term medieval derives from medium aevum, tripartite periodisation became standard after the German 17th-century historian Christoph Cellarius. This threefold periodization was first employed by George Hornius, a Dutch historian in his Arca Noae (1666), and became widely known later through Christophorus Cellarius, a German historian, in his Historia nova, hoc est XVI et XVII saeculorum (1696).

"Democracy is a government in which everyone has a share" was the opinion of Abraham Lincoln. According to Abraham Lincoln, democracy gave people the right to make use of their thinking according to their capacity.

Marco Polo, an Italian trader and traveler, became famous for his travels in central Asia and China. He wrote a book that gave Europeans some of their earliest information about China, which was then called Cathay. Marco was born in Venice. His father, Nicolo Polo, was a merchant.

Catherine the Great extended Russian political control over the lands of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Catherine successfully waged war against the Ottoman Empire and advanced Russia's southern boundary to the Black Sea.

The Mandate of Heaven is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that Heaven granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly.

The Mexica were late-comers to the Valley of Mexico, and founded the city-state of Tenochtitlan on unpromising islets in Lake Texcoco, later becoming the dominant power of the Aztec Triple Alliance or Aztec Empire.

Approved July 2, 1890, The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was the first Federal act that outlawed monopolistic business practices. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was the first measure passed by the U.S. Congress to prohibit trusts.

The concept of a democratic society, such as the one our country enjoys today, began in the Greek capital some 8,000 years ago. The city of Athens is sometimes referred to as the cradle of Western civilization. Athens began as a hilltop fort on the Acropolis.