Nutrition And Dietetics — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

Nutrition is essential for several key aspects of human well-being. Growth: Nutrition provides the necessary nutrients that contribute to the growth and development of the body. Proper intake of essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients helps build and maintain body tissues. Promote Overall Health: Nutrition is also critical for maintaining overall health. A balanced diet supports bodily functions, boosts immunity, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases. Thus, the correct answer is Both A and B as nutrition is vital for both growth and promoting overall health.

CFTRI is not associated with any of the listed institutes. CFTRI stands for Central Food Technological Research Institute. CFTRI is a premier food research laboratory under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in India, located in Mysore.It was opened on 21 October 1950 in Mysuru, Karnataka. The options given (United Nation University, Tokyo; Oxford University, London; Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi) are not directly associated with CFTRI. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of the above."

Let's look at List-I: This list shows changes that happen to our organs as we age. a. Decreased taste buds: We have fewer taste buds as we get older. b. Decreased calcium absorption: Our bodies absorb less calcium as we age. c. Impaired glucose tolerance: Our bodies don't handle sugar as well as we get older. d. Decreased secretion of lactose: Our bodies produce less of the enzyme needed to digest lactose (milk sugar). Now, let's look at List-II: This list shows the effects of these changes on our nutritional needs and health. 1. Poor Vitamin D: This is a deficiency that can cause health problems. 2. Requirement of energy decreases: Older adults generally need fewer calories. 3. Can be a risk factor for developing osteoporosis: This is a disease where bones become weak and brittle. 4. Loss of ability to detect salt and sweet: This is a consequence of having fewer taste buds. Now, let's match them up: a. Decreased taste buds directly relate to 4. Loss of ability to detect salt and sweet . Fewer taste buds mean you can't taste things as well. b. Decreased calcium absorption is a major contributor to 3. Can be a risk factor for developing osteoporosis . Less calcium means weaker bones. c. Impaired glucose tolerance can lead to problems managing blood sugar, which is often linked to poor health and can relate to vitamin deficiency, making 1. Poor vitamin D a relevant consequence. d. Decreased secretion of lactose is not directly related to vitamin D or energy needs. It indicates digestive issues, but doesn't directly lead to osteoporosis. This leaves 2. Requirement of energy decreases as less appropriate, though not strictly incorrect, leaving it to be paired with this option. Therefore, the correct answer matches the descriptions accurately.

Anthropometry is the measurement of the physical dimensions and composition of the human body, used in the assessment of nutritional status. MUAC (Mid-Upper Arm Circumference): It is a common anthropometric measurement used to assess malnutrition, particularly in children. Height: Measurement of height is another anthropometric method used to evaluate growth and nutritional status, especially in relation to age. Waist Circumference: This measurement helps assess body fat distribution and is used to evaluate the risk of obesity-related health problems. Blood Pressure , however, is not a method of nutritional status assessment by anthropometry. It is used to measure the force of blood against artery walls, which relates to cardiovascular health rather than nutrition. Thus, the correct answer is Blood Pressure .

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines hypertension as a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. The values for diagnosing hypertension are based on two measurements: diastolic and systolic blood pressure. According to WHO, hypertension is diagnosed when the diastolic value is greater than 90 mm Hg and the systolic value is greater than 140 mm Hg . Therefore, the correct answer is > 90 mm Hg, > 140 mm Hg .

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a deficiency in dietary protein. One of the characteristic symptoms of kwashiorkor is the swelling or edema of the abdomen. This swelling is due to fluid retention and poor liver function, which is unable to produce adequate albumin to maintain fluid balance within the blood vessels. Therefore, the correct answer is Abdomen .

Question Explanation: This question is about diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) , which is the energy your body uses to digest, absorb, and process the food you eat. The assertion (A) says that DIT is lower when you eat a diet very high in fat. The reason (R) says that digesting, absorbing, and metabolizing fats uses more energy than carbohydrates. Let's break down why one statement might be true or false: Reason (R): It's actually false . While fat does provide a lot of energy, your body uses less energy to process fat compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Assertion (A): Because your body uses less energy processing fat, it means the diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) is lower on high-fat diets , making the assertion (A) true. Therefore, the correct answer is C: A is true and R is false .

protein is the correct answer to “Milk, meat, eggs, fish and pulses are good sources of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

protection is the correct answer to “Vitamins and minerals help in . . . . . . . .”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Mulder is the correct answer to “Who suggested the word 'Protein'”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of these is the correct answer to “Food generates energy after the process of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

making people energetic is the correct answer to “Food helps in”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Both A and B is the correct answer to “Which nutrient(s) is/are called body fuel(s)”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

dihydroxy cholecalciferol is the correct answer to “The active form of vitamin D is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of the above is the correct answer to “Mortality rate for artificially fed infants is more in the lower economic group due to”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

a-4, b-3, c-2, d-5, e-1 is the correct answer to “Match the following. List-I List-II a. Dates 1. Potassium b. Mango 2. Calcium c. Ragi 3. Vitamin A d. Mushroom 4. Iron e. Banana 5. Protein”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

8 is the correct answer to “How many amino acids are essential amino acids”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

2, 4, 1, 3 is the correct answer to “Arrange the following in correct sequence. 1.Juices are secreted from digestive organs glands. 2. Food intake from the mouth. 3. Enzymes break down the food. 4. Food passes through oesophagus.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

3, 4, 2 and 1 is the correct answer to “Given the correct sequence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA). 1. Fall in serum ferritin level. 2. Decrease in sustainable iron in bone marrow. 3. Fall in hemoglobin level. 4. Exhaustion of body iron reserves.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Only 2 is the correct answer to “Oral fluids do not include 1. Fruit punch 2. Whey water Select the correct answer”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of these is the correct answer to “Macro nutrient includes . . . . . . . .”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

1, 4 and 5 is the correct answer to “Ascorbic acid is essential for maintaining the following functions in the body. 1. Collagen formation 2. Acts as a co-enzyme 3. Blood clotting 4. Acts as an anti-oxidant 5. Acts as a reducing agent”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Both A and B is the correct answer to “Which disease is caused by vitamin A deficiency”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Both 1 and 2 is the correct answer to “Multi-purpose foods are especially prepared for 1. school going children 2. infants”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

To make it taste better is the correct answer to “Why is the food seasoned”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

3, 1, 2, 4, 6, 5 is the correct answer to “Arrange the following oils in increasing percentage of poly unsaturated fatty acids. 1. Olive oil 2. Groundnut oil 3. Coconut oil 4. Mustard oil 5. Sunflower oil 6. Soyabean oil”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Clotting of blood is the correct answer to “What is the role of vitamin K”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

body protective foods is the correct answer to “Fruits and vegetables are”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

a-2, b-1, c-5, d-3, e-4 is the correct answer to “Match the following. List-I List-II a. Vitamin C 1. By atmospheric oxidation b. Vitamin C destruction 2. Present in fresh fruits and vegetables c. Sprouted pulses 3. Three times more Vitamin C d. Sprouted green gram 4. Richest source of Vitamin C e. Amla 5. Vitamin C in enhanced”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

a-6, b-4, c-1, d-3, e-2 is the correct answer to “Match the following. List-I (Category/Age) List-II (RDA of Energy) a. Moderate working pregnant woman 1. 2190 kcals b. 2 years old child 2. 2320 kcals c. 12 years old boy 3. 2440 kcals d. 16 years old girl 4. 1060 kcals e. Sedentary man 5. 2850 kcals 6. 2580 kcals”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

3, 1, 2, 5, 4 is the correct answer to “Arrange in correct sequence the progression of the development of eye symptoms due to Vitamin A deficiency. 1. Conjunctival xerosis 2. Corneal xerosis 3. Night blindness 4. Corneal scar 5. Keratomalacia”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of these is the correct answer to “Into how many stages the life span of an individual can be divided”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of these is the correct answer to “Which of the following affect(s) BMR”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

5, 4, 6, 2, 1, 3 is the correct answer to “For a successful outcome of the nutrition programme for the community, the sequentional order of steps to be taken. 1. Implementation 2. Mobilising resources 3. Monitoring and evaluation 4. Prioritise problem 5. Identify target 6. Setting objectives”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

11 g/dl of blood is the correct answer to “Haemoglobin level below which a pregnant woman is considered anaemic is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Experimenting with different flavours is the correct answer to “What kind of food can be given to cancer patient with altered taste”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

2, 3, 1 is the correct answer to “Arrange the following in sequential order. 1. Determine the food ration 2. Estimate the quantity of food available 3. Calculate dietary need of affected population”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

Protein is the correct answer to “Which nutrient aids in growth and repair of body”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

1 and 4 is the correct answer to “Cereals provide 1. energy 2. iodine 3. vitamin A 4. protein Find out the correct combination”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.

All of these is the correct answer to “Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? 1. Infants fed on fresh milk should be given fruit juice in small quantities for Vitamin C. 2. Vitamin D is obtained fromliver, liver-oils, egg yolk, milk and exposure to sunlight. 3. Osteomalacia's first symptom is pain in the bones that may occurduring pregnancy.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Nutrition And Dietetics.