Physiological Basis Of Behaviour — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

This question is about different types of language problems in the brain. Imagine you see a picture of a girl giving flowers to her teacher. A healthy person would easily describe it. But this patient's description is unusual: "Girl . . . . . . . . wants to . . . . . . . . flowers . . . . . . . . flowers and . . . . . . . . flowers wants to . . . . . . . . the woman wants to . . . . . . . . the girl wants to . . . . . . . . the woman". Notice how their speech is filled with pauses and repetitions , and the sentence structure is messed up , even though the words themselves seem mostly correct. This type of problem is called aphasia , which means difficulty with language. There are different types: Broca's aphasia affects the ability to produce speech. People with Broca's aphasia might understand what you say but struggle to speak fluently and grammatically. Wernicke's aphasia affects the ability to understand speech. People with Wernicke's aphasia might speak fluently, but what they say doesn't make sense. Looking at the patient's description, their speech is fluent but nonsensical . This points more towards a problem with understanding language than with producing it. Therefore, the patient is most likely suffering from Wernicke's aphasia .

Definition: Afferent nerve fibers are sensory fibers that transmit information from receptors in the body, such as skin, muscles, and glands, to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). They act like incoming communication lines carrying messages toward the brain. Direction of signals: Afferent fibers carry sensory signals to the brain, while efferent fibers carry motor or autonomic signals from the brain to the body. Why Option B is incorrect: Sending information from the brain to muscles is the function of efferent nerve fibers (motor nerves), not afferent fibers. Afferent fibers never send commands outward; they only bring sensory information inward. Why the others are correct: Option A is true because afferent fibers are present in the spinal cord. Option C is true because autonomic sensory feedback from glands can be carried to the brain. Option D is true because glands can send signals to the brain through afferent pathways. Conclusion: Since afferent nerve fibers do not carry information from the brain to the muscles, the statement in Option B is not true.

Medulla oblongata is the correct answer to “What is the lowest part of the brain stem”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Little brain is the correct answer to “Cerebellum means”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Occipital is the correct answer to “. . . . . . . . lobe of the brain is specialized area for vision.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 is the correct answer to “Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer: List-I (Hormone) List-II (Functions) A. Prolactin 1. Controls the release of milk during child birth B. Oxytocin 2. Prompts the production of milk in pregnant and nursing mothers C. Thyroxin 3. Helps liver to break down glucose D. Insulin 4. Influences the body's metabolic rate”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Synapses is the correct answer to “The axon tips of a neuron make functional connections with the dendrites or cell bodies of other neurons at”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following is the symptom of patients with damage to Broca's area”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Hypothalamus is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . is one of the smallest structures in the brain, but plays a vital role in our behaviour.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Blood stream is the correct answer to “The secretion of the ductless glands do not go through ducts but are discharged directly into the”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

The electric potential across the membrane is reduced at the point of stimulation is the correct answer to “When the axon of a nerve cell is stimulated”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Pons is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . region connects to the cerebellum and is involved in dreaming and waking.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Electroencephalography is the correct answer to “. . . . . . . . is a technique for measuring the electrical activity of the brain via electrodes placed at specified locations on the skull”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Brain is the correct answer to “Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is an effective technique for studying”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Synaptic cleft is the correct answer to “A narrow gap, called the . . . . . . . . separates the neurons.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Antagonist is the correct answer to “A chemical substance that inhibits the effect normally produced by the neurotransmitter at a receptor site is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

RAS is the correct answer to “Which is the central core in the medulla and the pons, consisting of a dense network of inter connected neurons that lays a key role in sleep, arousal and cardiac reflexes”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Left is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . brain is said to be the analytical, logical, mathematical hemisphere, concerned with cause-and-effect scientific thinking”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Temporal is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . lobe processes auditory information.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Pancreas is the correct answer to “Insulin is released by”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Both B and C is the correct answer to “Damage to the motor cortex of frontal lobe”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Duct-glands is the correct answer to “The exocrine glands are called . . . . . . . . which secrete chemical substances other than hormones”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

1 and 4 is the correct answer to “Consider the following statements 1. The temporal-lobe language region is termed as Wernicke's area 2. The upper temporal lobe language region is termed as Broca's area 3. The lower frontal lobe language area is termed as Wernicke's area 4. The language region in the lower frontal lobe is termed as Broca's area Select the correct answer from the options given below:”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Reticular Activating System is the correct answer to “What do you mean by RAS”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

3 : 1 is the correct answer to “When both the parents carry the same recessive gene (e.g. blue eyes), they may statistically expect that the dominant (e.g. brown eyes) versus recessive (blue eyes) characteristic will be expressive in the offspring in the ratio of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Peripheral nervous system is the correct answer to “The parts of the nervous system outside the skull and spine make up the”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Symptoms of damage to the right parietal association cortex is the correct answer to “Contralateral Neglect' refers to”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Thyroid is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . gland produces one primary hormone, thyroxin, the main constituent of which is iodine.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Thyroxin is the correct answer to “Early deprivation of . . . . . . . . leads to cretinism or a type of feeble-mindedness”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Axon is the correct answer to “The function of the . . . . . . . . is to conduct nerve impulses to other neurons or to muscles and glands”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

An extra chromosome on pair 21 is the correct answer to “Mongolism occurs due to”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Genes is the correct answer to “Each chromosome is composed of many individual hereditary units called”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following is the symptom of damage to 'Wernicke's area'”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following is the part of a neuron”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

1.39 kg is the correct answer to “An adult brain weights about”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Adrenal gland is the correct answer to “Epinephrine and norepinephrine are the hormones secreted by”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Parietal Lobe is the correct answer to “The . . . . . . . . is located towards the top of the head and controls incoming sensory information.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Dendrites and axons is the correct answer to “The two types of fiber of a neuron are”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A is the correct answer to “Assertion (A): Graded potentials convey incoming information over short distances Reason (R): Graded potentials tend to weaken quickly”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.

Brain is the correct answer to “The electroencephalograph measures the pattern of electrical activity within the”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Physiological Basis Of Behaviour.