Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations
Practice high-yield Psychology MCQs on Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology — Part 1 with worked academic solutions for CSS, PMS, PPSC, FPSC.
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40
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Verified for Commission Syllabus • Oct 14, 2026
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Question 1 of 40
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A research that seeks to explain a class of situations or events rather than a single one is known as
Correct Answer: Option C — Nomothetic research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Nomothetic research is the correct answer to “A research that seeks to explain a class of situations or events rather than a single one is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 2 of 40
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Researchers who conduct observational studies typically use a combination of time sampling and situation sampling to achieve
Correct Answer: Option B — representative samples of behaviour
Detailed Academic Explanation:
representative samples of behaviour is the correct answer to “Researchers who conduct observational studies typically use a combination of time sampling and situation sampling to achieve”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 3 of 40
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"Research is a systematic investigation to find answers to a problem". Who said these words?
Correct Answer: Option C — Burns
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Burns is the correct answer to “"Research is a systematic investigation to find answers to a problem". Who said these words”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 4 of 40
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Which of the following is not a kind of independent variable?
Correct Answer: Option D — Experimentel variable
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Experimentel variable is the correct answer to “Which of the following is not a kind of independent variable”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 5 of 40
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When people strongly want to believe a treatment is successful then it result into?
Correct Answer: Option A — Placebo biases
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Placebo biases is the correct answer to “When people strongly want to believe a treatment is successful then it result into”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 6 of 40
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When a scientist which is to generalise about a whole population after study small part of it, he must use
Correct Answer: Option A — probability sampling techniques
Detailed Academic Explanation:
probability sampling techniques is the correct answer to “When a scientist which is to generalise about a whole population after study small part of it, he must use”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 7 of 40
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Which among the following things should be considered while formulating a hypothesis?
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Which among the following things should be considered while formulating a hypothesis”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 8 of 40
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A technique, in which each member of the population or universe has an equal and independent chance of being selected is known as
Correct Answer: Option C — Randomisation
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Randomisation is the correct answer to “A technique, in which each member of the population or universe has an equal and independent chance of being selected is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 9 of 40
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Which of the following is not correct about the hypothesis? 1. It is a suggested testable answer to a problem. 2. It is a interogative statement. 3. It is based on operationally defined concepts. 4. It involves higher monetary expenses. 5. It should always be in accord with other hypothesis of the same field. Select the correct answer:
Correct Answer: Option C — 2, 4 and 5
Detailed Academic Explanation:
2, 4 and 5 is the correct answer to “Which of the following is not correct about the hypothesis? 1. It is a suggested testable answer to a problem. 2. It is a interogative statement. 3. It is based on operationally defined concepts. 4. It involves higher monetary expenses. 5. It should always be in accord with other hypothesis of the same field. Select the correct answer:”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 10 of 40
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In method of serial learning for an experiment relating to the effect of meaningfulness on the rate of learning, the rate of learning can be conceptualised as 1. dependent variable 2. independent variable 3. organimic variable 4. stimulus variable Select the correct answer:
Correct Answer: Option A — Only 1
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Only 1 is the correct answer to “In method of serial learning for an experiment relating to the effect of meaningfulness on the rate of learning, the rate of learning can be conceptualised as 1. dependent variable 2. independent variable 3. organimic variable 4. stimulus variable Select the correct answer:”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 11 of 40
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According to whom, "variable is a property that takes as different values"?
Correct Answer: Option B — Kerlinger
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Kerlinger is the correct answer to “According to whom, "variable is a property that takes as different values"”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 12 of 40
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The categorial variables are known as
Correct Answer: Option C — discrete variable
Detailed Academic Explanation:
discrete variable is the correct answer to “The categorial variables are known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 13 of 40
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Which one of the following sampling procedures is least suitable for generalising experimental results?
Correct Answer: Option D — Stratified or quota sampling
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Stratified or quota sampling is the correct answer to “Which one of the following sampling procedures is least suitable for generalising experimental results”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 14 of 40
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According to whom, "A variable is a characteristic or attribute that can take on a number of values"?
Correct Answer: Option A — Postman and Egan
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Postman and Egan is the correct answer to “According to whom, "A variable is a characteristic or attribute that can take on a number of values"”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 15 of 40
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The studies with an objective to get introduced with a process for achieving new insights into it are known as
Correct Answer: Option B — Exploratory research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Exploratory research is the correct answer to “The studies with an objective to get introduced with a process for achieving new insights into it are known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 16 of 40
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Researchers are often unable to control extraneous variables, when they use the case study method. This lesser degree of control makes it difficult to use the case study method to
Correct Answer: Option A — draw cause-effect conclusions behaviour
Detailed Academic Explanation:
draw cause-effect conclusions behaviour is the correct answer to “Researchers are often unable to control extraneous variables, when they use the case study method. This lesser degree of control makes it difficult to use the case study method to”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 17 of 40
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Difficulties', a researcher experiences in the context of either a theoretical or practical situation are known as
Correct Answer: Option C — Research problems
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Research problems is the correct answer to “Difficulties', a researcher experiences in the context of either a theoretical or practical situation are known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 18 of 40
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A hypothesis that asserts that there is no true difference between two population means is known as
Correct Answer: Option B — Null hypothesis
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Null hypothesis is the correct answer to “A hypothesis that asserts that there is no true difference between two population means is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 19 of 40
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The variable which is not manipulated by experiment, but only measured
Correct Answer: Option D — attribute variable
Detailed Academic Explanation:
attribute variable is the correct answer to “The variable which is not manipulated by experiment, but only measured”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 20 of 40
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Distorts estimating on evaluating process as a result of personal beliefs represent.
Correct Answer: Option B — Personal bias
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Personal bias is the correct answer to “Distorts estimating on evaluating process as a result of personal beliefs represent.”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 21 of 40
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Problem oriented research is conducted
Correct Answer: Option A — to understand the exact nature of the problem
Detailed Academic Explanation:
to understand the exact nature of the problem is the correct answer to “Problem oriented research is conducted”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 22 of 40
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Maintaining and improving your own professional expertise through lifelong education and learning is known as
Correct Answer: Option C — Competence
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Competence is the correct answer to “Maintaining and improving your own professional expertise through lifelong education and learning is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 23 of 40
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Match the following: List-I (Types of Research) List-II (Objective) A. Exploratory research 1. Testing causal relationship B. Hypothesis testing research 2. Frequency with which it is associated C. Descriptive research 3. Identifying feature of particular group D. Diagnostic research 4. To get introduced with a process
Correct Answer: Option B — A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2 is the correct answer to “Match the following: List-I (Types of Research) List-II (Objective) A. Exploratory research 1. Testing causal relationship B. Hypothesis testing research 2. Frequency with which it is associated C. Descriptive research 3. Identifying feature of particular group D. Diagnostic research 4. To get introduced with a process”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 24 of 40
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A study to test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between two or more variables is known as
Correct Answer: Option A — Hypothesis testing research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Hypothesis testing research is the correct answer to “A study to test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between two or more variables is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 25 of 40
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Before beginning a research project researchers should search the psychological literature about their topic
Correct Answer: Option A — in order to develop research hypothesis
Detailed Academic Explanation:
in order to develop research hypothesis is the correct answer to “Before beginning a research project researchers should search the psychological literature about their topic”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 26 of 40
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The research which actively attempt to address and answer the 'why' question is known as
Correct Answer: Option B — Explanation research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Explanation research is the correct answer to “The research which actively attempt to address and answer the 'why' question is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 27 of 40
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Match the following: List-I (Variable) List-II (Features) A. Independent variable 1. Randomisation B. Dependent variable 2. Counter -balancing C. Carry over effect 3. Measurement D. Control of variables 4. Active manipulation
Correct Answer: Option D — A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 is the correct answer to “Match the following: List-I (Variable) List-II (Features) A. Independent variable 1. Randomisation B. Dependent variable 2. Counter -balancing C. Carry over effect 3. Measurement D. Control of variables 4. Active manipulation”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 28 of 40
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Match the following: List-I (Types of Research) List-II (Characteristics) A. Fundamental research 1. Solution of immediate problem B. Applied research 2. Critical evaluation and exploration of present material C. Analytical research 3. Relies on experience and observation alone D. Empirical research 4. Process that are universal
Correct Answer: Option A — A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3 is the correct answer to “Match the following: List-I (Types of Research) List-II (Characteristics) A. Fundamental research 1. Solution of immediate problem B. Applied research 2. Critical evaluation and exploration of present material C. Analytical research 3. Relies on experience and observation alone D. Empirical research 4. Process that are universal”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 29 of 40
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The background factors that affect the way the researcher observe result into
Correct Answer: Option B — observer bias
Detailed Academic Explanation:
observer bias is the correct answer to “The background factors that affect the way the researcher observe result into”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 30 of 40
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Which of the following statements is/are not correct about a research problem or subject? 1. Subject which is overdone should not be normally chosen. 2. Subject selection should be familiar. 3. Controversial subject should be avoided. Select the correct answer:
Correct Answer: Option D — None of these
Detailed Academic Explanation:
None of these is the correct answer to “Which of the following statements is/are not correct about a research problem or subject? 1. Subject which is overdone should not be normally chosen. 2. Subject selection should be familiar. 3. Controversial subject should be avoided. Select the correct answer:”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 31 of 40
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S-O-R model represent different categories of
Correct Answer: Option C — variables
Detailed Academic Explanation:
variables is the correct answer to “S-O-R model represent different categories of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 32 of 40
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the naturalistic observation method?
Correct Answer: Option D — Manipulation of events by an experimenter
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Manipulation of events by an experimenter is the correct answer to “Which of the following is not a characteristic of the naturalistic observation method”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 33 of 40
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The factors that influence social behaviour and thoughts in certain ways are called
Correct Answer: Option D — Mediating variables
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Mediating variables is the correct answer to “The factors that influence social behaviour and thoughts in certain ways are called”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 34 of 40
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Research focused to analyse and solve real-life problems are known as
Correct Answer: Option B — Applied research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Applied research is the correct answer to “Research focused to analyse and solve real-life problems are known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 35 of 40
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Which among the following are the objective of Psychological research?
Correct Answer: Option C — Both A and B
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Both A and B is the correct answer to “Which among the following are the objective of Psychological research”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 36 of 40
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Which among the following is/are correct about a hypothesis?
Correct Answer: Option C — Both A and B
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Both A and B is the correct answer to “Which among the following is/are correct about a hypothesis”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 37 of 40
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One culture the media can influence people to accept a particular world view. This situation is known as
Correct Answer: Option C — External influence
Detailed Academic Explanation:
External influence is the correct answer to “One culture the media can influence people to accept a particular world view. This situation is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 38 of 40
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Which of the following types of variables is most likely to be an independent variable in a natural groups design?
Correct Answer: Option A — Individual differences (subject) variables
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Individual differences (subject) variables is the correct answer to “Which of the following types of variables is most likely to be an independent variable in a natural groups design”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 39 of 40
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When a researcher is studying an individual difference variable, the levels of the independent variable are
Correct Answer: Option C — balanced
Detailed Academic Explanation:
balanced is the correct answer to “When a researcher is studying an individual difference variable, the levels of the independent variable are”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
Question 40 of 40
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A study to draw the features of a particular individual's situation or a group perfectly is known as
Correct Answer: Option C — Descriptive research
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Descriptive research is the correct answer to “A study to draw the features of a particular individual's situation or a group perfectly is known as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Research Methodology And Statistics In Psychology
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In competitive commission exams (FPSC, PPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, CSS, PMS), questions are frequently phrased with distractor options designed to catch rote learners. Whenever you answer an MCQ, read the Detailed Academic Explanation and Conceptual Anchor to understand why the remaining options are incorrect.