Jainism And Buddhism — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

Lord Rishabhdev also known as Lord Adinath was the first Jain Tirthankar of present time cycle. He lived before civilization developed. Because of this, he had the name of Ādināth - the original lord. He became a Siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of its karma.

Sambhavnath, also known as Lord Sambhavanatha, was the third Jain Tirthankara. According to Jain tradition, Tirthankaras are spiritual teachers who have achieved enlightenment and guide others on the path of liberation. Sambhavnath is believed to have attained Kevala Jnana (omniscience) after intense spiritual practice. The Jain tradition states that Sambhavnath practiced severe austerities and meditation for a period of 14 years before attaining Kevala Jnana and forming the Dharmachakra (Wheel of Law) to spread his teachings. Kevala Jnana is a state of supreme knowledge and insight that liberates a soul from the cycle of birth and death (samsara). Therefore, the correct answer is Option C: 14 , as Sambhavnath acquired Kevala Jnana and formed Dharmachakra after practicing for 14 years.

Ajitnatha was the second tirthankara of the present age, avasarpini (half time cycle) according to Jainism. He was born to King Jitashatru and Queen Vijaya at Ayodhya in the Ikshvaku dynasty. According to Jain beliefs, he became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of its karma.

Unorthodox systems of Indian Philosophy uphold the ideology of Charvakism, Ajivika, Jainism and Buddhism.

Nalanda was a Mahavihara, a large Buddhist monastery, in the ancient kingdom of Magadha. They reportedly chided King Harsha for patronising Nalanda during the great age of the Guptas, was prized and cherished by the Palas. Vikramashila was one of the two most important centres of learning in India during the Pala Empire, along with Nalanda. Vikramashila was one of the largest Buddhist universities,

Kanishka patronised Buddhism that played an important role in the development of the Silk Road, and in the transmission of Mahayana Buddhism from Gandhara across the Karakoram range to China.

Abhinandannatha or Abhinandan Swami was the fourth Tirthankara of the present age (Avasarpini). Abhinandananātha is said to have lived for 50 lakh purva. Abhinandannath was born to King Sanvara Raja and Queen Sidharta Rani at Ayodhya in the Ikshvaku clan. His birth date was the second day of the Magh shukla month of the Indian calendar. According to Jain beliefs, he became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of its Karma.

In Punarvasu Nakshatra (constellation) Abhinandannath Tirthankar was born. The word Punarvasu is derived from Puna + Vasu, which means return, renewal, restoration or repetition. The 12 Adityas were born of Kasyapa in the womb of Aditi.

Mahavira, (Sanskrit: "Great Hero") also known as Vardhamana, (born c. 599 bce traditional dating, Kshatriyakundagrama, India—died 527 traditional dating, Pavapuri), Epithet of Vardhamana, the last of the 24 Tirthankaras ("Ford-makers", i.e., saviours who promulgated Jainism), and the reformer of the Jain monastic.

Gandhara School of Art blossom in the reign of Kanishka. The Gandhara art is basically the result of Hellenistic influences on Buddhism. That is why it is also called Greco-Buddhist art. The reign of a single king cannot be attributed as the cause for the evolution of the art.

The Amarakosha is the popular name for Namalinganushasanam, a thesaurus in Sanskrit written by the ancient Indian scholar Amarasimha. It is the oldest extant kosha. The Buddha has been eulogized as an ocean of wisdom and compassion in Amarakosha.

Angas (also known as agamas) are 45 sacred Jain texts based on the tirthankara's discourse.

Bhagvan Abhinandan was born in Ayodhya, on second day of the bright half of the month of Magh, around midnight. His father name was Samvar and Mother name was Siddharth . After long span of life time, he took diksha on 12th day of the bright half of the month of Magh along with 1000 other ascetics' mens.

Rishabhanatha is the first Tirthankara (ford maker) in Jainism. A mythical leader, he is believed in Jainism to have lived millions of years ago. He was the first of twenty-four teachers in the present half-cycle of time in Jain cosmology, and called a "ford maker" because his teachings helped one across the sea of interminable rebirths and deaths (saṃsara). He is also known as Adinatha of Jainism which translates into "First (Adi) Lord (natha)", as well as Adishvara (first ishvara), Yugadideva (deva of yuga), Prathamaraja (first king), and Nebheya (son of Nabhi). Along with Mahavira, Parshvanatha and Neminatha, Rishabhanatha is one of the four Tirthankaras that attract the most devotional worship among the Jains.

Gautama was born as a Kshatriya, the son of Suddhodana, "an elected chief of the Shakya clan", whose capital was Kapilavastu, and who were later annexed by the growing Kingdom of Kosala during the Buddha's lifetime.

Krishi, Masi, Asi teachings was given to people by Rishabhnath.

The term "nirvana" in Buddhism refers to the final liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara). Gautama Buddha , the founder of Buddhism, attained enlightenment (bodhi) under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya . After spreading his teachings for many years, he attained mahaparinirvana (final nirvana after death) at the age of 80. This event took place in Kusinagara , which is located in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India. Sarnath is the place where Buddha gave his first sermon (Dharmachakra Pravartana), and Sanchi is known for its Buddhist stupas but is not related to his nirvana. Therefore, Buddha attained nirvana at Kusinagara . Correct Answer: Option D

Ajitnath Tirthankar was born before Sambhavanath Tirthankar.

Sambhavanatha was the third Jain tirthankara (omniscient teaching god) of the present age. Sambavanatha is associated with Horse emblem, Sala tree, Trimukha (three-faced) Yaksha and Prajnapthi & Duritari Yakshi.

Menander I Soter was an Indo-Greek King of the Indo-Greek Kingdom who administered a large empire in the Northwestern regions of the Indian Subcontinent from his capital at Sagala. Menander is noted for having become a patron of Buddhism. Menander was initially a king of Bactria.

Bodh Gaya is a religious site and place of pilgrimage associated with the Mahabodhi Temple Complex in Gaya district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is famous as it is the place where Gautama Buddha is said to have obtained Enlightenment (Pali: bodhi) under what became known as the Bodhi Tree.

Buddha literally means enlightened one or a person who attained Boddhi which means wisdom (highest intellectual or virtue). It means a person who attained highest level of life status.

The first evidence of the religion spreading outside India coincides with Ashoka's rule as he sent emissaries to Sri Lanka and an area called Suvarnabhumi.

The Milindapanha is one of the great classics of Pali Buddhist literature, a spirited dialogue between the Greek king Milinda and the Buddhist sage Nagasena.

The meaning of Kaivalya Gyan (enlightenment) received by Abhinandannath Tirthankar was brahma Vidya.

Asvaghoṣa or Ashvaghosha was a Buddhist philosopher, dramatist, poet and orator from India. He was born in Saketa in northern India. He is believed to have been the first Sanskrit dramatist, and is considered the greatest Indian poet prior to Kalidasa.

On the wall of the cylinder the bull, the horse, the Lion and the Elephant all in the moving position are being placed in between the Chakras. These could symbolize Bull, Lion, Horse and Elephant rolling the Chakras. Pillar was built by Ashoka to mark the site of Buddha's first sermon.

The first image of the Buddha was carved out during the reign of Kanishka I.

Shudra is the fourth varna, or one of the four social categories found in the texts of Hinduism. Buddha considered the caste system unjust. He asserted that morality and deed should be determined the cast of a person instead of birth.

Ayodhya is a city located in Ayodhya district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Sumtinath Tirthankar receive Shiksha (enlightenment) at Ayodhya.

The queen gave birth to a son on the eighth day of the bright half of the month of Magh. Inspired by the popular lore, the king named the new born as the Ajit.

Mahayana is one of two main existing branches of Buddhism and a term for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice. They adopted Sanskrit language.

The proceedings of the Third Buddhist Council led to the issue of Sarnath Edict.

Creator is not included in triratna of Jainism.

Minor Rock Edicts of Ashoka describes the Conquest of Kalinga by Ashoka in rock Edict XIII.

The religious movements of Buddhism and Jainism were led by Kshatriya Princes.

Vamsathapakasini was the last Buddhist text produced In India. Vamsathapakasini gives us information about the Kshatriya origin of the Mauryas.

The Theravada had a Fourth Buddhist Council in the first century BCE in Tambapanni, Another Fourth Buddhist Council was held in the Sarvastivada tradition, said to have been convened by the Kushan emperor Kanishka, in 78 AD at Kundalban in Kashmir.

Menander was a Greek dramatist and the best-known representative of Athenian New Comedy. He wrote 108 comedies and took the prize at the Lenaia festival eight times. His record at the City Dionysia is unknown but may well have been similarly spectacular. Menander was famous for his sense of Justice and dialogues with a Buddhist monk Nagasena (as described in the Buddhist work Milinda Panho).

Dharmachakra mudra is one of such interesting and unique hand gestures used in Buddha statues which means the wheel of Dharma in Buddhism. The Dharmachakra mudra is also known as gesture of Teaching of the Wheel of Dharma. This gesture depicts one of the most important moment in the Buddha's life as he performed the Dharmachakra mudra in his first sermon in Sarnath after he attained enlightenment.