Jainism And Buddhism — Part 2 MCQs with Explanations

According to Jains, there was 100 number of Gandhars of Sumtinath Tirthankar.

After the death of Buddha, Buddhism was divided into two sects namely Mahayana and Hinayana. The terms Hinayana (Lesser Vehicle or Modest Vehicle) and Mahayana (Greater Vehicle or Vast Vehicle) originated in The Prajnaparamita Sutras (The Sutras on Far-Reaching Discriminating Awareness, The Perfection of Wisdom Sutras). It was divided during the reign of Kanishka.

Pali and Prakrit rose to prominence when these were adopted by Buddhist and Jain Sect in ancient India as their sacred language.

Samudragupta did not enter the Buddhist Cold.

Triratna, (Sanskrit: "Three Jewels") Pali Ti-ratana, also called Threefold Refuge, in Buddhism the Triratna comprises the Buddha, the dharma (doctrine, or teaching), and the sangha (the monastic order, or community).

Sambhavnath Tirthankar felt mortifcation while watching the dispersal of medieval clouds.

The correct answer is (B) Both I and II Let's break down why: Ajanta Paintings: These are ancient Indian paintings found in the Ajanta caves, primarily depicting stories and scenes related to Buddhism. I. Buddhist elements: This is correct. Many paintings show scenes from the Jataka tales (stories of Buddha's previous lives) and other Buddhist teachings. II. Secular aspects: This is also correct. While predominantly Buddhist, the paintings also depict scenes of daily life, courtly scenes, and elements of nature, reflecting the society of the time. III. Jain culture: This is incorrect. The Ajanta caves are primarily associated with Buddhist art, not Jain culture. While there may be minor overlaps in artistic styles due to the time period and region, the main theme is Buddhist. Therefore, statements I and II are correct, making option B the correct choice.

Jataka tales is a collection of tales belonging to the pre-Buddhist period give us a revealing glimpse into a period when the fusion between the Aryan and the Dravidian races had been almost completed. It gives us the periods of rule and genealogies of dynasties of kings.

Kanishka, A descendant of Kujula Kadphises - founder of the Kushan empire - Kanishka came to rule an empire in Bactria extending from Turfan in the Tarim Basin to Pataliputra on the Gangetic plain. The main capital of his empire was located at Puruṣapura in Gandhara, with another major capital at Kapisa. He was the greatest Kushana ruler whose contribution to Buddhism was even greater than that of Ashoka.

The sermon, Buddha gave to the five monks, was his first sermon, called the Dharmachakrapravartan. It was given on the full-moon day of Asalha Puja. Buddha subsequently also spent his first rainy season at Sarnath at the Mulagandhakuti.

The Mahabodhi Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an ancient, but much rebuilt and restored, Buddhist temple in Bodh Gaya, marking the location where the Buddha is said to have attained enlightenment. Bodh Gaya is about 96 km from Patna, Bihar state, India.

Buddhist philosophy refers to the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among various Buddhist schools in India following the death of the Buddha and later spread throughout Asia. The Buddhist path combines both philosophical reasoning and meditation.

Menander I Soter was an Indo-Greek King of the Indo-Greek Kingdom who administered a large empire in the Northwestern regions of the Indian Subcontinent from his capital at Sagala. Menander is noted for having become a patron of Buddhism.

Immediately after attaining keval jnana, if a person establishes the four fold religious order of monks, nuns, sravaks (male householder), and sravikas (female householder) is known as Tirthankar. He preaches the Jain philosophy, religion, ethics, conducts to his followers. The only difference between Tirthankara and simple kevali is that the latter does not establish the religious order. He remains in the state of perfect blissful condition for the rest of his life after attaining keval gyan.

Jains revere him as the twenty-fourth and last tirthankara of present cosmic age. Though, Mahavira is sometimes mistakenly regarded as the founder, he appears in the tradition as one who, from the beginning, had followed a religion established long ago.

According to the scriptures of all Buddhist schools, the first Buddhist Council was held soon after the death of the Buddha, dated by the majority of recent scholars around 400 BCE, under the patronage of the king Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakasyapa presiding, at Sattapanni caves Rajgriha (now Rajgir).

Mahapajapati Gotami (Pali; Sanskrit Mahaprajapati Gautamī) was the step-mother and maternal aunt (mother's sister) of the Buddha. In Buddhist tradition, she was the first woman to seek ordination for women, which she did from Gautama Buddha directly, and she became the first bhikkhuni (Buddhist nun).

The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right samadhi ('meditative absorption or union'). The Noble Eightfold Path is one of the principal teachings of Theravada Buddhism, taught to lead to Arhatship.

Jain Literature - Agam literature consists of many texts, which are the sacred books of the Jain religion. They are written in the Ardha-magadhi Prakrit language. Non-agam literature consists of commentary and explanation of Agam literature, and independent works, compiled by ascetics and scholars.

The footprint, which denotes both his former physical presence on earth and his temporal absence. The bodhi tree, which represents the place of his enlightenment (under the tree) and comes to symbolize the enlightenment experience itself. The stupa, the reliquary in which the Buddha's physical remains are contained a powerful symbol of both his physical death and continued presence in the world.

Mahayana sect of Buddhism emerged during the reign of Kanishka. Asanga was the founder of Mahayan sect of Buddhism.

The Jataka tales are a voluminous body of literature native to India concerning the previous births of Gautama Buddha in both human and animal form.

1 lakh monks were there in the religious family of Ajitnath Tirthankar.

Gandhara was an ancient kingdom of the Peshawar Valley, extending between the Swat valley and Potohar plateau regions of Pakistan as well as the Jalalabad district of northeastern Afghanistan. There were 95 ganadhara in the religious family of Ajitnath Tirthankar.

Shree Ajitnath Bhagwan. Ajitnatha was born at Ayodhya in the ikshvaku clan. His father was king Jitashatru raja and mother was queen Vijaya.

The correct chronological order of the four Buddhist councils held Is Rajagriha, Vaishali, Pataliputra, Kashmir or Jullandhar.

The capital is carved out of a single block of polished sandstone, and was always a separate piece from the column itself.

According to the Buddhist tradition, Gautama was born in Lumbini, now in modern-day Nepal, and raised in the Shakya capital of Kapilvastu, which may have been either in what is present day Tilaurakot, Nepal or Piprahwa, India.

Kharavela was a king of Kalinga in present-day Odisha, India. He ruled somewhere around first or second century BCE. His name is also transliterated as Kharabeḷa. He is the best known king of the Mahameghavahana dynasty.

The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right samadhi ('meditative absorption or union'). The Noble Eightfold Path is one of the principal teachings of Theravada Buddhism, taught to lead to Arhatship.

In Jainism, moksha is the highest and the noblest objective that a soul should strive to achieve. In fact, it is the only objective that a person should have; other objectives are contrary to the true nature of soul. With the right view, knowledge and efforts all souls can attain this state. That is why Jainism is also known as mokṣamārga or the "path to liberation".

Gommateshwara Statue is a 57-foot (17 m) high monolithic statue located on Vindyagiri at Shravanbelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. Vindyagiri Hill is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola; the other is Chandragiri, which is also a seat of several ancient Jain centers, much older than Gommateshwara statue.

Chandragupta Maurya embraced Jainism towards the end of his life and stepped down from the throne in favour of his son Bindusara.

Under Priyangu tree Sumtinath Tirthankar received Kaivalya Gyan.

The principles of Ashoka's Dharma (Dhamma) were taken from the moral virtues of all Indian religions of that period.

In Buddhism 'Bull' is related to Janma(Birth) incident of Buddha's life Birth.

All the three moral of the horse i.e, Politeness, Restraint and Knowledge.

Fourth Buddhist Council was held in the Sarvastivada tradition, said to have been convened by the Kushan emperor Kanishka, in 78 AD at Kundalban in Kashmir.

According to Jain traditional accounts, he was born to king Nabhi and queen Marudevi in the north Indian city of Ayodhya, also called Vinita. He had two wives, Sunanda and Sumangala. Sumangala is described as the mother of his ninety-nine sons (including Bharata) and one daughter, Brahmi.

Vardhamana Mahavira is also known as 'Jina', the one who conquered temptations for sensual pleasures, and hence the name Jainism for the religion he shaped up and propagated from the teachings of his predecessors.