General Law & Jurisprudence — Past Papers — Part 6 MCQs with Explanations

It is a fundamental principle of criminal law requiring both a wrongful act (actus reus) and a guilty intention (mens rea) for liability. Without mens rea , mere acts usually do not constitute a crime .

In Hyde’s Case (1584), the court interpreted the statute to suppress the “ mischief ” Parliament intended to prevent. The Mischief Rule focuses on the problem or gap the law was meant to remedy, not just the literal words.

The Golden Rule allows modification of the literal meaning of words to prevent absurd or unreasonable outcomes. It is a middle path between literal rule and mischief rule in statutory interpretation.

Section 117 of the PPC deals with abetting an offence involving more than ten persons. It prescribes imprisonment up to three years, or fine, or both for such abetment.

Section 113 of the PPC deals with Liability of Abetment for the act and its effect. It states that an abettor is liable for the effect caused if it differs from the intended one.

Section 97 of the PPC provides the Right of Private Defense of body and property. It allows every person to protect themselves and their possessions against unlawful harm .

Section 159 of the PPC defines Affray as when two or more persons fight in a public place, disturbing the peace . It focuses on public disorder caused by mutual fighting.

Section 120A of the PPC defines Criminal Conspiracy as an agreement between two or more persons to commit an illegal act . It covers both the planning and the attempt to commit unlawful actions.

In summary trials , the maximum punishment allowed is simple or rigorous imprisonment up to 3 months . This provision ensures quick disposal of minor offence cases.

Section 103 CrPC ensures transparency and fairness during searches. Independent witnesses from the locality must observe the search to prevent misuse of police power.

Section 102 CrPC empowers the police to seize property suspected of being stolen or involved in a crime. The seized property must be reported immediately to the officer in charge or the Magistrate.

Section 66 CrPC provides the procedure for serving summons to corporate bodies in legal proceedings. This ensures that companies and organizations are legally notified in criminal cases.

Section 62 CrPC ensures that any person arrested is produced before a Magistrate or Officer in charge without unnecessary delay. This protects the rights of the arrested person and prevents unlawful detention.

Section 54 CrPC lists 9 specific grounds on which a police officer may arrest a person without a warrant. These include offences cognizable in nature, preventing further crime, or ensuring appearance before a magistrate.

Rent recovery is initially allowed 15 days , with an additional 15 days as extra time. Total time for payment, including the grace period, is 30 days .

Any appeal against the DC’s order under the Hoarding Act is made to the Commissioner . This provides a higher authority for review of decisions related to hoarding and profiteering.

An appeal against the Price Controller must be filed within 30 days . This ensures timely review of the Controller’s orders .

Any appeal against an order of the Price Controller Officer is made to the Deputy Commissioner. This provides a higher authority for review of price control decisions .

For a special meeting , the notice period is reduced from 7 days to 3 days . This allows for faster convening of urgent meetings while still informing members.

According to the relevant law, a trial should be completed within 30 days from its commencement. This ensures speedy justice and timely resolution of cases.

Under Section 26(3)(b) , the Investigation Officer is empowered to arrest a person during the investigation of an offence . This ensures that the officer can effectively carry out the investigation and prevent obstruction .

Misuse of public office to commit offences under Sections 161–165A PPC is punishable with imprisonment up to 17 years. This ensures strict accountability and deterrence for abuse of official power.

Audi alteram partem is a principle of natural justice meaning " hear the other side ." It ensures fair hearing before making any decision against a party.

The Revenue Officer is authorized to decide disputes regarding the title of hoarding. The decision is made after hearing all parties involved in the matter.

The Collector may impose a penalty up to Rs. 10,000 for breach of tenancy terms. This serves as a deterrent against violations while ensuring lawful enforcement.

The Collector must provide a minimum one-month notice to the tenant to rectify any breach. This ensures fair opportunity before penalties or tenancy resumption are enforced.

Section 25 ensures the tenant is compensated for crops and any improvements made on the land. This protects the tenant’s investment and labor even if tenancy is resumed by the landlord.

Section 157 PPC punishes anyone who harbors or shelters persons who are hired to appear before a magistrate or police for an unlawful assembly. It ensures cooperation with authorities and prevents obstruction of law enforcement.

Section 152 PPC deals with assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the execution of lawful duties during a riot. It ensures protection of public servants maintaining law and order .

According to the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), an unlawful assembly is defined as a group of five or more people who are armed and have a common goal to commit crimes.

Section 76 of the PERA Act provides indemnity to officers for any acts done in good faith under the Act. This ensures protection from legal action when duties are performed honestly and lawfully.

Section 33 provides punishment for offences under the Act. It may include imprisonment up to 6 months , a fine up to Rs. 2 lakh , or both.

Under Section 167 Cr.P.C , a Magistrate may authorize detention up to 15 days if investigation isn’t completed in 24 hours . This ensures the accused’s custody remains lawful during ongoing investigation.

The Hoarding Act prescribes up to 3 years of imprisonment for committing the offence. It may also include a fine or both imprisonment and fine .

Under the Price Control Act , even attempting to overcharge is a punishable offence. The sale need not be completed for the penalty to apply .

A complaint regarding public nuisance or encroachment must include an affidavit verifying the facts. This ensures the authenticity and seriousness of the complaint.

A 3-day prior notice is required before holding an authority’s meeting. This ensures members have adequate time to prepare and attend.

The writ of Habeas Corpus is used to release a person unlawfully detained. It safeguards the personal liberty and freedom of individuals.

When the language of law is clear, courts apply the literal rule to interpret it as written. This ensures the plain and direct meaning of words is followed.

Under the Price Control and Prevention of Profiteering and Hoarding Act , appeals lie to the Session Court . Such appeals must be filed within 30 days of the original order.