Pakistan Studies — Commission Past Papers — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations

First Nobel laureate in Pakistan: Dr. Abdus Salam — 1979 , Physics Additional information : Last/most recent Pakistani Nobel laureate: Malala Yousafzai — 2014 , Peace First Nobel laureate from Asia : Rabindranath Tagore — 1913, Literature First Nobel laureate in the world: Emil von Behring — 1901, Physiology or Medicine

Kalabagh has the largest iron ore deposits in Pakistan. Kalabagh is located in Mianwali District, Punjab . The estimated iron ore reserves are about 309 million tons . Additional information : Largest Coal Deposits: Thar Coalfield (Sindh) Uranium Deposits: Dera Ghazi Khan (Punjab) Fuller's Earth Deposits: Dera Ghazi Khan District (Punjab)

Founded: 1-July-1948 Headquarters: Karachi, Sindh Founded by: Muhammad Ali Jinnah First Governor: Zahid Hussain First Female Governor: Shamshad Akhtar SBP Responsibility: Implement monetary policy

Author: Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman English edition published: 1961 Urdu edition published: 1967 Nature of book: Autobiography / Memoirs Topic: Pakistan Movement and political struggle

Balochistan covers about 43.6% ( 44% ) of Pakistan’s total area. Area: 347,190 sq km Population share: 5–6% Capital: Quetta Largest province by area in Pakistan: Balochistan

The white crescent in the center of Pakistan’s national flag symbolizes progress . Additional information : Five-Pointed Star : Represents light, knowledge, and the five pillars of Islam. Combined Star and Crescent : Serves as a traditional emblem of Islam. Dark Green Field : Represents the Muslim-majority population of Pakistan and Islam. Vertical White Stripe : Represents the country's religious minorities (such as Christians, Hindus, Sikhs, and others ) and their coexistence.

Quaid-e-Azam inaugurated the State Bank of Pakistan . Founded 1-Jul-1948 Founded by M.A Jinnah First Governor Zahid Hussain First Female Governor Shamshad Akhtar SBP Responsibility implement monetary policy HQ Karachi, Sindh

Manchar Lake is the largest natural lake in Pakistan . It is part of the Indus River basin. Covered Area: ~ 260 km² (100 square miles) Location: Jamshoro District , Sindh Water Source : Kirthar Mountains and surrounding streams

On 9 June, 2017 India and Pakistan became full members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). The SCO Headquarters: Beijing, China The SCO Founded: June 15, 2001 The SCO currently comprises of nine Members States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Iran and Uzbekistan), four Observer States

Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan was the first Asian and the only Pakistani to serve as President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Additional information : International Court of Justice (ICJ): Served as President from 1970 to 1973. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA): Elected President of its 17th session, serving from 1962 to 1963. Pakistan’s first Foreign Minister: Served from 1947 to 1954 and was a member of Pakistan’s first cabinet . UN representative: Also served as Pakistan’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations .

Markhor is the national animal of Pakistan. “ Markhor ” means “ snake eater .” It is known as a symbol of bravery and sharp intelligence . It is large wild goat (Capra species). It is found in Central Asia, the Karakoram, and the Himalayan regio ns. Additional information : National Bird: Chukar National Tree: Deodar National Dish: Nihari National Fruit: Mango National Flower: Jasmine National Vegetable: Lady Finger (Okra)

Other name: Peace Pipeline Countries: Iran and Pakistan Purpose: Transportation of natural gas Proposed length: 2,775 km Pakistan President at inauguration ceremony: Asif Ali Zardari Iranian President: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Inauguration: 11 March 2013

Sui Gas Field is located near Sui , Balochistan , Pakistan. Discovered by Pakistan Petroleum Limited in 1952 . Production started in 1955 . It is Pakistan’s largest natural gas field .

New name: Bangladesh Independence date: 16 December 1971 Previous name: East Pakistan / East Bengal Event: Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) Region: South Asia

Total Area: 906 km² ( 350 sq mi ) Construction Began: 1960 Capital Status: 14 August 1967 Population: Over 1.2 million Postcode: 44000 Additional information : Balochistan : 347,190 sq. km — largest province by area. Punjab : 205,344 sq. km Sindh : 140,914 sq. km Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) : 74,521 sq. km Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) : 64,817 sq. km Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK) : 13,297 sq. km

First SBP banknote series: Issued on 1 March 1949 . Initial denomination: Rs. 2 . First Governor of SBP: Zahid Hussain . Printing company: Bradbury Wilkinson & Company .

Baluchistan is the biggest province of Pakistan by area . It covers 43% of the area of Pakistan Capital City: Quetta Established: 1 July 1970 Additional information: Punjab is the biggest province of Pakistan by population .

2nd Constitution (1962) : 250 articles, 10 parts, imposed by Ayub Khan during his first martial law . Additional information : 1st Constitution (1956) : 234 articles, 13 parts, adopted during civilian rule. 3rd Constitution (1973) : 280 articles, 12 parts, introduced in Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s era. First Martial Law : Imposed by Ayub Khan before the 1962 Constitution.

Malik Ghulam Muhammad was the third Governor-General of Pakistan. Additional information : Muhammad Ali Jinnah : 15 August 1947 – 11 September 1948. Khawaja Nazimuddin : 14 September 1948 – 17 October 1951. Malik Ghulam Muhammad : 17 October 1951 – 6 October 1955 . Iskander Mirza : 6 October 1955 – 23 March 1956.

Location: Bin Qasim, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan . Additional information : Founded: 30 December 1973 (establishment of Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation). Founding support: Soviet Union . Foundation stone: Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto . Production began: 1980s , with the first phase inaugurated in 1981 .

Karachi remained the capital of Pakistan from 1947 to 1959 . Additional information : Rawalpindi remained capital of Pakistan from 1959 to 1967 . Islamabad is the current capital of Pakistan since 14 August 1967 .

Article 232 of the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 , deals with the proclamation of an emergency when the security of Pakistan or a part of it is threatened by war, external aggression, or internal disturbance beyond the control of a provincial government. Additional information : Article 233 : Power to suspend certain Fundamental Rights and the right to seek their enforcement through courts during an emergency. Article 234 : Emergency provisions relating to the failure of constitutional machinery in a province.

Province: Balochistan Famous fruits: Apples, grapes, peaches, apricots, cherries, and pomegranates . Major fruit-producing areas: Quetta, Ziarat, Kalat, Pishin, and Mastung . Additional information : Fruit Garden of Pakistan : Quetta. Balochistan is Pakistan’s largest province by area . Capital: Quetta .

Location: Khewra, Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan Other Name: Mayo Salt Mine Status: Pakistan’s largest and oldest salt mine World Ranking: Second-largest salt mine Discovery: Traditionally attributed to Alexander the Great’s army (326 BC) Modern Mining: Developed during British rule; systematic mining began in 1872

Pakistan left the Commonwealth for the first time in January 1972 . It following the recognition of Bangladesh by the Commonwealth . This led to Pakistan's temporary withdrawal before rejoining in 1989 . Additional information : The Commonwealth of Nations is a political association . It is founded by the Parliament of the United Kingdom on December 11, 1931 . It's headquarters in London, United Kingdom .

Ranikot Fort is located in Jamshoro District, Sindh. It is also known as The Great Wall of Sindh . It is believed to be the world's largest fort . It is circumference of approximately 32 KM or 20 Mile . The site was nominated in 1993 by the Pakistan National Commission for UNESCO World Heritage status. The fort is listed as a historical site under the Antiquities Act, 1975 . The small Fort within Rani Kot Fort is known as Mari Kot .

Balochistan is located in the south-western part of Pakistan. It is the largest province of Pakistan by area . It shares borders with Iran and Afghanistan . It also has a coastline along the Arabian Sea . Its capital is Quetta . Additional information : Punjab → East Sindh → South-East KP → North-West

India lies to the east of Pakistan . Pakistan’s border with India is approximately 3,323 km ( 2,065 mi ) long. Additional information: The list of Pakistan's borders: India to the east . Iran to the west . Afghanistan to the northwest . Arabian Sea to the south .

Old name: Khanpur Shansi . Famous industries: Utensils, iron products, safes, and rice processing . Location: Punjab, Pakistan . Popular title: City of Wrestlers .

Pakistan joined the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) in 1979 . It is joined to strengthen relations with developing countries. Additional information : Founded: 1961 Founding Conference: Belgrade, Serbia Members: 120 developing countries Headquarters: Jakarta, Indonesia Founding Leaders: Jawaharlal Nehru, Sukarno, Josip Broz Tito, Kwame Nkrumah, Gamal Abdel Nasser

The word Pakistan is associated with both Persian and Urdu . Additional information : Pak : Means “ pure ” or “ پاک .” - stan : Means “ land ” or “ place ,” a suffix of Persian origin also used in Urdu . Name introduced: 28 January 1933 . Person: Choudhry Rahmat Ali . Pamphlet: Now or Never: Are We to Live or Perish Forever?

Dr. Shamshad Akhtar was the first female Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan ( SBP ). She served as Governor from 2006 to 2009 . Additional information : Founded: 1 July 1948 Founder: Muhammad Ali Jinnah Headquarters: Karachi, Sindh First Governor: Zahid Hussain

Pakistan has four major mountain ranges: Himalaya (highest peak: Nanga Parbat at 8,126 meters) Karakoram (highest peak: K2 at 8,611 meters) Hindu Kush (highest peak: Tirich Mir at 7,708 meters) Sulaiman Range (highest peak: Takht-e-Sulaiman at 3,487 meters)

NOTE: Length: Old – 1,046 km , New – 1,058 km (both accepted in MCQs) Divisions: Sindh Coast – 270 km , Makran Coast – 720 km Major Location: Most of the coastline is in Balochistan Geographical Areas: Gwadar, Lasbela, Karachi, Thatta Coast Borders: Thatta Coast from Korangi Creek to Sir Creek ; Rann of Kutch from Badin to Tharparkar

NEW PAKISTAN BOUNDARIES DETAILED ACCORDING TO A SURVEY OF PAKISTAN ******

The Majlis-e-Shura is the Parliament of Pakistan. It consists of two houses: National Assembly (Lower House - 336 Seats) Senate (Upper House - 96 Seats) It is the main legislative body that makes laws in Pakistan. Constitutional Article: Article 50 of the Constitution of Pakistan (1973)

Current/Survey of Pakistan 2021 figure: 2,611 km Older figure: 2,430 km Name of border: Durand Line Year of agreement: 1893 British representative: Sir Mortimer Durand Afghan ruler: Amir Abdur Rahman Khan

Balochistan was merged into the One Unit of West Pakistan in 1955. Approval date: 30 September 1955 . Implementation date: 14 October 1955 . Dissolution of One Unit: 1 July 1970 , when Balochistan was restored as a separate province .

Pakistan’s first coin was issued on 3 January 1948 . It was designed by Brandley . Additional information : The word Pakistan was introduced by Choudhry Rahmat Ali in his pamphlet Now or Never , published on 28 January 1933 . State Bank of Pakistan: Established on 1 July 1948 .

A Judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan retires at the age of 65 years . This retirement age was set by the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan ( 1976 ). Constitutional provision: Article 179 deals with the retirement age of Supreme Court judges . Additional information : High Court judges : The retirement age is 62 years , under Article 195 . Appointment: Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President in accordance with the Constitution.