Pakistan Studies — Commission Past Papers — Part 5 MCQs with Explanations

Qutb ud-Din Aibak was the first independe nt Muslim ruler of Delhi Founder of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty He was the general of Muhammad Ghori. Additional information Al-khafif was the first ruler of the Soomra dynasty (1011-1026) Mughal emperor Akbar was the first Muslim Razia Sultana, the first woman ruler of India

Operation: Radd-ul-Fasaad Launched: 22 February 2017 Started b y Army Chief Qamar Javed Bajwa Across: Pakistan Main aim: Eliminate residual terrorist threats and consolidate gains of previous operations

Common Border: Pakistan–Afghanistan Also known as: Durand Line Entities: Afghanistan, Pakistan Length: 2,640 km (1,640 mi) Agreement Date: 1 2 November 1893 Signed by: Sir Mortimer Durand and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan Current shape established: 8 August 1919

Sialkot–Lahore Motorway is officially known as M-11. Length: Approximately 103 km Travel Time: Around 50 minutes to 1 hour Starting Point: Near Kala Shah Kaku/Ring Road, Lahore The motorway opened to traffic on March 18, 2020

Full Name: Hyder Bakhsh Jatoi Title: Baba-e-Sindh Born: 7 October 1901 Died: 21 May 1970 (aged 68), Hyderabad Known for: Sindhi nationalist and peasant rights leader Famous for: His struggle for land reforms and the rights of peasants (Haris) in Sindh.

The 8th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan was passed in 1985 during the rule of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq . It inserted Article 58(2)(b) , which empowered the President to dissolve the National Assembly under certain circumstances. This power enabled the President to dismiss elected governments and dissolve the National Assembly . Article 58(2)(b) was later removed by the 13th Amendment in 1997 . It was restored by the 17th Amendment in 2003 and later abolished again by the 18th Amendment in 2010 .

Upper Chenab Canal takes off from Head Marala on the Chenab River . Head Marala is located near Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan . Additional information : Lower Chenab Canal → Khanki Upper Jhelum Canal → Mangla Lower Jhelum Canal → Rasul

Kallar Kahar Lake is situated in Chakwal District, Punjab . It is a natural saltwater lake. It is also a tehsil (subdivision) of Chakwal District. The lake is famous for its scenic beauty and migratory birds. It lies on the Lahore–Islamabad Motorway (M-2).

GHQ ( General Headquarters ) is the headquarters of the Pakistan Army . It is located in Rawalpindi, Punjab , Pakistan. Established: 1947 , after the independence of Pakistan. Additional information : Pakistan Navy : Naval Headquarters — Islamabad Pakistan Air Force : Air Headquarters — Islamabad

The Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. It was founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1206 AD. Additional information : Mamluk Dynasty : 1206–1290 Khilji Dynasty : 1290–1320 Tughlaq Dynasty : 1320–1414 Sayyid Dynasty : 1414–1451 Lodi Dynasty : 1451–1526

Karez is the irrigation system of Balochistan . This ancient method involves underground channels that transport water from aquifers to the surface . It providing a sustainable water supply in arid regions.

General Sahir Shamshad Mirza is identified as the last CJCSC of Pakistan Role: He was the 18th Chairman of the J oint Chiefs of Staff Committee. Tenure: 27 November 2022 – 27 November 2025

The Salt Range is situated south of the Pothohar Plateau . Southern edge of the Pothohar Plateau and north of the Jhelum River. Additional information : Region: Northern Punjab Highest peak: Sakesar Highest elevation: About 1,522 m Important rivers: Soan and Jhelum Famous for: Large deposits of rock salt , especially the Khewra Salt Mine .

Major minerals: Copper and Gold Location: Chagai District, Balochistan Project: Reko Diq Mining Project Region: Tethyan Magmatic Belt Significance: One of the world's major undeveloped copper-gold deposits.

In October 2026, Pakistan launched National Mental Health Policy for 2026-35. Launched on the occasion of Pakistan’s Global Mental Health Summit With the purpose to reach over 32.4 million people in need of mental health care ****

Kashmir Black Day is observed annually on 27 October. It commemorates 27 October 1947, when Indian forces entered Kashmir. The day has increased significance following the 5 August 2019, revocation of Article 370 by India.

Pakistan carried out airstrikes in Afghanistan on October 1, 2026, targeting locations in Helmand and Kunar provinces. Groups like the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan ( TTP ) use Afghan territory to launch attacks inside Pakistan. Operation Name: Operation Ghazab lil-Haq ****

China — North ‑northeast (around 559–595 km) Afghanistan — Northwest (~2,400 km+) India — East (~2,900 km+) Iran — West (~900 km) Arabian Sea — South (~1,046 km)

1 January 1949 : Ceasefire came into effect. Additional information : 1947 : First Kashmir War began. 1948 : United Nations became involved in the Kashmir dispute. 27 July 1949 : Karachi Agreement established the Ceasefire Line . 1972 : Simla Agreement → Ceasefire Line renamed Line of Control (LoC).

The Mughal Emperor who promulgated a new faith entitled “Din-E-Elahi” in 1581 AD was Akbar. Additional information : Akbar (1556-1605): • Emperor Akbar founded the city in by the name of "ILLAHABAS" which later became ALLAHABAD. • He introduced the new religion as Din-i-llahi. • He introduced the Mansabdari system. • Akbar defeated Hemu in the second battle of Panipat. • He built Ibadat Khana in Fatehpur Sikri. • He followed the policy of Sulh-i-Kul.

Place: Banaras (present-day Varanasi) Year: 1867 Urdu: Perso-Arabic script Hindi: Devanagari script Important personality: Sir Syed Ahmad Khan strongly opposed the replacement of Urdu.

Pakistan conducted its first nuclear test at the Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai Hills , Balochistan, on 28 May 1998 . 5 Nuclear tests were conducted by Pakistan at 15:15 hrs PST on 28 May 1998. Chagai-I was Pakistan's first public test of nuclear weapons. Additional information : Chagai-II is the codename assigned to the second atomic test conducted by Pakistan , carried out on 30 May 1998 . These tests followed the Chagai-I series . The test site was Kharan Desert , Pakistan. The number of tests is 1 .

The FIA Red Book contains information about Pakistan’s most wanted fugitives/offenders . It is used by the FIA to help identify, trace, and apprehend wanted persons . Additional information : FIA: Federal Investigation Agency Established: 1975 Headquarters: Islamabad, Pakistan Main functions: Investigation of federal crimes, human trafficking, immigration offences, cybercrime, and other offences falling under its jurisdiction .

Khewra Salt Mine is located in Khewra near Pind Dadan Khan, Jhelum District , Punjab. It is the largest and oldest salt mine in Pakistan . It is the second-largest in the world . Additional information : It is also called the Mayo Salt Mine. The salt deposits were discovered during the campaign of Alexander the Great in 326 BC. The mine was officially opened in 1872 during the British period .

The Gandhi-Jinnah Talks began on 9 September 1944 at the residence of Quaid-e-Azam in Bombay. These talks were held between Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mahatma Gandhi . The main issue was the political future of Muslims and the demand for Pakistan. Gandhi opposed the demand for Pakistan, while Jinnah strongly defended the Two-Nation Theory.

Pakistan's second Constitution was enforced on 8 June 1962 . It was introduced during the rule of Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan . It introduced a presidential system instead of a parliamentary system . Additional information : 23 March 1956 – First Constitution enforced. 14 August 1973 – Third (current) Constitution enforced.

Two Muslim members: Syed Ali Imam and Shoaib Qureshi Published: 28 August 1928 Chairman: Motilal Nehru Secretary: Jawaharlal Nehru Additional information Main demand : Dominion Status for India Proposed: Federal system of government Jinnah’s response: Presented his 14 Points in 1929. Purpose: Proposed a constitutional framework for British India. more shorten

Province: Punjab, Pakistan Level: ECCE to Grade 5 Approved: New primary curriculum Implementation: 1 April 2027 Academic Session: 2027–28 Coverage: Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) through Grade 5 Purpose: Update and improve the primary-level curriculum.

Karachi is known as the "City of Lights" in Pakistan. This nickname in the 1960s and 1970s for its vibrant nightlife It is the largest city in Pakistan Known as th e 'Economic Hub of Pakistan'. Last updated on 11-02-2026

About National Anthem of Pakistan : Written by: Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952 Music by: Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949 Adopted on: August 13, 1954 First recorded by: Ahmed Rushdi in 1954 Re-recorded after 68 years Key Facts : 15 lines in the National Anthem of Pakistan 48 words in the National Anthem of Pakistan First played in front of Raza Shah Rahalvi of Iran "Jan-i-Istaqbal" means Symbol of ambitions First played on national radio on August 14, 1947 Duration of the National Anthem of Pakistan : 80 seconds (1 minute 20 seconds) Pakistan's National Anthem is written in : Persian

The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan contains 280 articles . It is the current and permanent constitution of Pakistan. It came into effect on 14 August 1973 . It was approved during the government of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. It provides the basic legal framework of the state . Additional information : 1956 Constitution: 234 articles, 13 parts, 6 schedules 1962 Constitution: 250 articles, 12 parts, 3 schedules

Countries: Iran and Pakistan Other name: Peace Pipeline Purpose: Transportation of natural gas Proposed length: 2,775 km Pakistan President at inauguration ceremony: Asif Ali Zardari Iranian President: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Inauguration: 11 March 2013

Top three polluted city in the World: 1. Lahore, Pakistan 2. Delhi, India 3. Mexico City, Mexico Source Click here

The national bird of Pakistan is the Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar). It was officially designated in 1985 . The Shaheen Falcon is the symbolic bird of the Pakistan Air Force . Additional information : National Animal: Markhor National Tree: Deodar National Dish: Nihari National Fruit: Mango National Flower: Jasmine National Vegetable: Lady Finger (Okra)

Karachi was the first and old capital of Pakistan . It was chosen by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1947 . It remained the capital until 1959 . From 1959–1967 , Rawalpindi served as the interim capital. Islamabad became the official capital on 14 August 1967 . Karachi is in Sindh province. It was the political center at independence.

Name: K2 (Godwin-Austen), Chhogori, Ketu, K2 (Karakoram-2) Range: Karakoram Range Location: Pakistan–China border Height: 8,611 m Rank: 2nd highest in the world .

The first nuclear power plant was established in Karachi , With the help of Canada KANUPP is Pakistan's first nuclear power plant, Inaugurated on November 28, 1972, Total gross capacity of 137 MW. Additional information K2 & K3 with the help of China K2 started on 21 May 2021 and has an 1100 MW capacity. K3 is expected to start in 2022. Last updated 18-07-2026 by NA

Pakistan conducted a series of nuclear tests on 28 May 1998 at the Chagai test site, in Balochistan . 5 Nuclear tests were conducted by Pakistan at 15:15 hrs PST on 28 May 1998. The tests were performed at Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai District of Balochistan Province. Chagai-I was Pakistan's first public test of nuclear weapons. Additional information : Chagai-II is the codename assigned to the second atomic test conducted by Pakistan , carried out on 30 May 1998 . These tests followed the Chagai-I series . The test site was Kharan Desert , Pakistan. The number of tests is 1 .

Independence Date: 14 August 1947 Islamic Date: 27 Ramadan 1366 AH Day: Friday Founder: Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah Additional information National Animal: Markhor National Tree: Deodar National Dish: Nihari National Fruit: Mango National Flower: Jasmine National Vegetable : Lady Finger (Okra) Field hockey is Pakistan's official national sport.

List of Governer General of Pakistan T erm Name Birth–Death Took office Left office Political party Remarks 1 Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876–1948) 15-Aug-47 11-Sep-48 Pakistan Muslim League died in office 2 Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin (1894–1964) 14-Sep-48 17-Oct-51 Pakistan Muslim League became prime minister 3 Sir Ghulam Muhammad (1895–1956) 17-Oct-51 7-Aug-55 Independent dismissed 4 Iskander Mirza (1899–1969) 7-Aug-55 23-Mar-56 Republican Party became president اچھی تیاری کرنا چاہتے تو یہ سوالات ضرور پڑھیں Must read Click here