Protein And Nuclei Acids — Part 1 MCQs with Explanations
Practice high-yield Biotechnology Engineering MCQs on Protein And Nuclei Acids — Part 1 with worked academic solutions for PPSC, FPSC, NIH, NTS.
Questions
40
Difficulty Level
Exam-Level
Target Exams
PPSC, FPSC, NIH...
Estimated Time
48 mins
Exam-Level PPSC FPSC NIH NTS
Verified for Commission Syllabus • Oct 14, 2026
40
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Interactive test mode with detailed academic worked solutions
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Question 1 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The enzyme which synthesize RNA primer for DNA synthesis is
Correct Answer: Option A — DNA primase
Detailed Academic Explanation:
DNA primase is the correct answer to “The enzyme which synthesize RNA primer for DNA synthesis is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 2 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The role of guide RNA (gRNA) is recognized in
Correct Answer: Option A — RNA editing
Detailed Academic Explanation:
RNA editing is the correct answer to “The role of guide RNA (gRNA) is recognized in”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 3 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The form or conformation of DNA double helix which is prevalent in vivo is
Correct Answer: Option A — B-DNA
Detailed Academic Explanation:
B-DNA is the correct answer to “The form or conformation of DNA double helix which is prevalent in vivo is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 4 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The sugar residues are covalently joined by
Correct Answer: Option A — 5' → 3' phosphodiester bonds
Detailed Academic Explanation:
5' → 3' phosphodiester bonds is the correct answer to “The sugar residues are covalently joined by”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 5 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The daughter cells receive duplex DNA as
Correct Answer: Option C — One from parent and one is newly synthesized
Detailed Academic Explanation:
One from parent and one is newly synthesized is the correct answer to “The daughter cells receive duplex DNA as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 6 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Molecular markers are useful in
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Molecular markers are useful in”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 7 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In eukaryotes, which DNA polymerase is involved in extending the RNA primer and providing template for an accessory factor and replication factor, which control the processivity in lagging strand?
Correct Answer: Option A — α
Detailed Academic Explanation:
α is the correct answer to “In eukaryotes, which DNA polymerase is involved in extending the RNA primer and providing template for an accessory factor and replication factor, which control the processivity in lagging strand”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 8 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which one of the following base is present only in DNA?
Correct Answer: Option A — Thymine
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Thymine is the correct answer to “Which one of the following base is present only in DNA”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 9 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Kinase reactions
Correct Answer: Option B — Involve the addition or removal of a phosphate group
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Involve the addition or removal of a phosphate group is the correct answer to “Kinase reactions”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 10 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The backbone of double helix DNA is
Correct Answer: Option A — Sugar phosphate units
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Sugar phosphate units is the correct answer to “The backbone of double helix DNA is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 11 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Homologous genes present in different organisms are called
Correct Answer: Option C — Ortholog
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Ortholog is the correct answer to “Homologous genes present in different organisms are called”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 12 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The C-value paradox may be explained by the
Correct Answer: Option B — Predominance of non-coding DNA
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Predominance of non-coding DNA is the correct answer to “The C-value paradox may be explained by the”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 13 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
A virus whose RNA genome has a DNA intermediate as part of its replication cycle
Correct Answer: Option A — Retro virus
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Retro virus is the correct answer to “A virus whose RNA genome has a DNA intermediate as part of its replication cycle”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 14 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In most bacterial mRNAs, the initiation codon is preceded by a special sequence called
Correct Answer: Option C — Ribosome binding site
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Ribosome binding site is the correct answer to “In most bacterial mRNAs, the initiation codon is preceded by a special sequence called”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 15 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Proteins transported to nucleus requires
Correct Answer: Option A — Nuclear localization sequences
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Nuclear localization sequences is the correct answer to “Proteins transported to nucleus requires”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 16 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In E. coli, if there is no CCA at 3' end tRNA, it will be added by the enzyme
Correct Answer: Option A — tRNA nucleotidyl transferase
Detailed Academic Explanation:
tRNA nucleotidyl transferase is the correct answer to “In E. coli, if there is no CCA at 3' end tRNA, it will be added by the enzyme”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 17 of 40
★ PPSC
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★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which one of the following is not directly involved in the process known as translation?
Correct Answer: Option D — DNA
Detailed Academic Explanation:
DNA is the correct answer to “Which one of the following is not directly involved in the process known as translation”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 18 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which of the following statement about eukaryote RNA polymerases is correct?
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following statement about eukaryote RNA polymerases is correct”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 19 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The 5' upstream of a transcription start contains
Correct Answer: Option B — Promoter
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Promoter is the correct answer to “The 5' upstream of a transcription start contains”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 20 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Open promoter complex comprises
Correct Answer: Option C — Both A and B
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Both A and B is the correct answer to “Open promoter complex comprises”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 21 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The first level of regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is
Correct Answer: Option B — DNA methylation and chromatin structure
Detailed Academic Explanation:
DNA methylation and chromatin structure is the correct answer to “The first level of regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 22 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Enzyme which digest nucleic acid by hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds are called as
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Enzyme which digest nucleic acid by hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds are called as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 23 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The size of the maximum DNA insert that can be cloned in a YAC
Correct Answer: Option D — 200 - 2000 kb
Detailed Academic Explanation:
200 - 2000 kb is the correct answer to “The size of the maximum DNA insert that can be cloned in a YAC”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 24 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In a double stranded molecule of DNA, the ratio of purines : pyrimidines is
Correct Answer: Option D — Always 1 : 1
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Always 1 : 1 is the correct answer to “In a double stranded molecule of DNA, the ratio of purines : pyrimidines is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 25 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The smallest plant genome identified
Correct Answer: Option C — Arabidopsis
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Arabidopsis is the correct answer to “The smallest plant genome identified”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 26 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which one of the following amino acid has crucial role in the variability of protein structure?
Correct Answer: Option A — Glycine
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Glycine is the correct answer to “Which one of the following amino acid has crucial role in the variability of protein structure”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 27 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Transcription is the process of
Correct Answer: Option B — Using DNA strand as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Using DNA strand as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule is the correct answer to “Transcription is the process of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 28 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The ability of proteins to absorb ultraviolet light is predominantly due to the presence of
Correct Answer: Option C — Tryptophan
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Tryptophan is the correct answer to “The ability of proteins to absorb ultraviolet light is predominantly due to the presence of”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 29 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which of the following statement about the ribosome complex is correct?
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following statement about the ribosome complex is correct”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 30 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
DNA polymerase involved in general DNA replication in eukaryotes is
Correct Answer: Option C — A and B both
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A and B both is the correct answer to “DNA polymerase involved in general DNA replication in eukaryotes is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 31 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The length of DNA present in nucleosome core particle
Correct Answer: Option A — 146 bp
Detailed Academic Explanation:
146 bp is the correct answer to “The length of DNA present in nucleosome core particle”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 32 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The reduction of nitrate to nitrite in the cytosol is catalyzed by the enzyme
Correct Answer: Option C — Nitrate reductase
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Nitrate reductase is the correct answer to “The reduction of nitrate to nitrite in the cytosol is catalyzed by the enzyme”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 33 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The term "gene" was coined by
Correct Answer: Option A — Wilhelm Johannensen
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Wilhelm Johannensen is the correct answer to “The term "gene" was coined by”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 34 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
In clover leaf model of $$tRNA$$ , $$\psi $$ present in $$T\psi C$$ loop represents
Correct Answer: Option A — Pseudouridine or pseudouracil
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Pseudouridine or pseudouracil is the correct answer to “In clover leaf model of $$tRNA$$ , $$\psi $$ present in $$T\psi C$$ loop represents”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 35 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which of the following steps are involved in the process of template preparation during DNA replication?
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above
Detailed Academic Explanation:
All of the above is the correct answer to “Which of the following steps are involved in the process of template preparation during DNA replication”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 36 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Because of base interactions, the outside of the helix is not smooth and it is termed as
Correct Answer: Option C — A and B both
Detailed Academic Explanation:
A and B both is the correct answer to “Because of base interactions, the outside of the helix is not smooth and it is termed as”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 37 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Initiator codon (AUG) always encode the amino acid
Correct Answer: Option C — Both A and B
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Both A and B is the correct answer to “Initiator codon (AUG) always encode the amino acid”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 38 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Which one of the following component of RNA polymerase is NOT common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Correct Answer: Option D — σ
Detailed Academic Explanation:
σ is the correct answer to “Which one of the following component of RNA polymerase is NOT common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 39 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
The number of bases per turn of the helix in A form DNA is
Correct Answer: Option B — 10
Detailed Academic Explanation:
10 is the correct answer to “The number of bases per turn of the helix in A form DNA is”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
Question 40 of 40
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
★ PPSC
★ FPSC
Based on buoyant density gradient centrifugation, the mammalian genome is divided into five regions which are > 300 kbp in length, characterized by relatively homogenous compositions. These regions are
Correct Answer: Option A — Isochores
Detailed Academic Explanation:
Isochores is the correct answer to “Based on buoyant density gradient centrifugation, the mammalian genome is divided into five regions which are > 300 kbp in length, characterized by relatively homogenous compositions. These regions are”. This question is standard in competitive examination syllabi for Protein And Nuclei Acids.
💡Key Conceptual Anchor:Protein And Nuclei Acids
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Analytical Tools In Biotechnology — Part 1
Master the next curriculum module with 40 exam-standard MCQs.
💡Examiner's Advisory for Biotechnology Engineering
In competitive commission exams (FPSC, PPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, CSS, PMS), questions are frequently phrased with distractor options designed to catch rote learners. Whenever you answer an MCQ, read the Detailed Academic Explanation and Conceptual Anchor to understand why the remaining options are incorrect.